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【现在位置】六法首页〉〉国际法及公约
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【名称】
《联合国禁止非法贩运麻醉药品和精神药物公约》
（United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances）
【发布单位】联合国大会
【生效日期】1988年12月19日（在联合国禁止非法贩运麻醉药品和精神药物公约会议的第6次全会上通过）
【引言】
本公约缔约国，
本公约缔约国，
深切关注麻醉药品和精神药物的非法生产、需求及贩运的巨大规模和上升趋势，构成了对人类健康和幸福的严重威胁，并对社会的经济、文化及政治基础带来了不利的影响，
又深切关注麻醉药品和精神药物的非法贩运日益严重地侵蚀着社会的各类群体，特别是在世界许多地区，儿童被当成毒品消费者市场，并被利用进行麻醉药品和精神药物的非法生产、分销和买卖，从而造成严重到无法估量的危害，
认识到非法贩运同其他与之有关的、有组织的犯罪活动结合在一起，损害着正当合法的经济，危及各国的稳定、安全和主权，
又认识到非法贩运是一种国际性犯罪活动，必须迫切注意并最高度重视对此种活动的取缔，
意识到非法贩运可获得巨额利润和财富，从而使跨国犯罪集团能够渗透、污染和腐蚀各级政府机构、合法的商业和金融企业，以及社会各阶层，
决心剥夺从事非法贩运者从其犯罪活动中得到的收益，从而消除其从事此类贩运活动的主要刺激因素，
希望消除滥用麻醉药品和精神药物问题的根源，包括对此类药品和药物的非法需求以及从非法贩运获得的巨额利润，
认为有必要采取措施，监测某些用于制造麻醉药品和精神药物的物质，包括前体、化学品和溶剂，因为这些物质的方便获取，已导致更为大量地秘密制造此类药品和药物，
决心改进国际合作，以制止海上非法贩运，
认识到根除非法贩运是所有国家的共同责任，为此，有必要在国际合作范围内采取协调行动，
确认联合国在麻醉药品和精神药物管制领域的主管职能，并希望与此类管制有关的国际机关均设于联合国组织的范围之内，
重申麻醉药品和精神药物领域现有各项条约的指导原则及其包含的管制制度，
确认有必要加强和补充《1961年麻醉品单一公约》、经由《修正1961年麻醉品单一公约的1972年议定书》修正的该公约和《1971年精神药物公约》中规定的措施，以便对付非法贩运的规模和程度及其严重后果，
又确认加强并增进国际刑事合作的有效法律手段，对于取缔国际非法贩运的犯罪活动具有重要意义，
愿意缔结一项专门针对非法贩运的全面、有效和可行的国际公约，此公约顾及整个问题的各个方面，尤其是麻醉药品和精神药物领域现有的各项条约未曾设想到的那些方面，兹协议如下：
The Parties to this Convention,
Deeply concerned by the magnitude of and rising trend in the illicit production of, demand for and traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, which pose a serious threat to the health and welfare of human beings and adversely affect the economic, cultural and political foundations of society,
Deeply concerned also by the steadily increasing inroads into various social groups made by illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, and particularly by the fact that children are used in many parts of the world as an illicit drug consumers market and for purposes of illicit production, distribution and trade in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, which entails a danger of incalculable gravity,
Recognizing the links between illicit traffic and other related organized criminal activities which undermine the legitimate economies and threaten the stability, security and sovereignty of States,
Recognizing also that illicit traffic is an international criminal activity, the suppression of which demands urgent attention and the highest priority,
Aware that illicit traffic generates large financial profits and wealth enabling transnational criminal organizations to penetrate, contaminate and corrupt the structures of government, legitimate commercial and financial business, and society at all its levels,
Determined to deprive persons engaged in illicit traffic of the proceeds of their criminal activities and thereby eliminate their main incentive for so doing,
Desiring to eliminate the root causes of the problem of abuse of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, including the illicit demand for such drugs and substances and the enormous profits derived from illicit traffic,
Considering that measures are necessary to monitor certain substances, including precursors, chemicals and solvents, which are used in the manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, the ready availability of which has led to an increase in the clandestine manufacture of such drugs and substances,
Determined to improve international co-operation in the suppression of illicit traffic by sea,
Recognizing that eradication of illicit traffic is a collective responsibility of all States and that, to that end, co-ordinated action within the framework of international co-operation is necessary,
Acknowledging the competence of the United Nations in the field of control of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and desirous that the international organs concerned with such control should be within the framework of that Organization,
Reaffirming the guiding principles of existing treaties in the field of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and the system of control which they embody,
Recognizing the need to reinforce and supplement the measures provided in the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, that Convention as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, and the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances, in order to counter the magnitude and extent of illicit traffic and its grave consequences,
Recognizing also the importance of strengthening and enhancing effective legal means for international co-operation in criminal matters for suppressing the international criminal activities of illicit traffic,
Desiring to conclude a comprehensive, effective and operative international convention that is directed specifically against illicit traffic and that considers the various aspects of the problem as a whole, in particular those aspects not envisaged in the existing treaties in the field of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances,
Hereby agree as follows：
【内容】
第1条（定义）
除另有明文指出或上下文要求另作解释者外，下列各项定义应适用于整个公约：
（a）“麻管局”系指《1961年麻醉品单一公约》及经《修正1961年麻醉品单一公约的1972年议定书》修正的该公约设立的国际麻醉品管制局；
（b）“大麻植物”系指大麻属的任何植物；
（c）“古柯植物”系指红木属的任何一种植物；
（d）“商业承运人”系指为了报酬、租雇或任何其他利益而从事客运、货运或邮件运送的任何个人或公营、私营或其他实体；
（e）“麻委会”系指联合国经济及社会理事会的麻醉药品委员会；
（f）“没收”系指由法院或其他主管当局下令对财产的永久剥夺；
（g）“控制下交付”系指一种技术，即在一国或多国的主管当局知情或监督下，允许货物中非法或可疑的麻醉药品、精神药物、本公约表一和表二所列物质或它们的替代物质运出、通过或运入其领土，以期查明涉及按本公约第3条第1款确定的犯罪的人；
（h）“1961年公约”系指《1961年麻醉品单一公约》；
（i）“经修正的1961年公约”系指经《修正1961年麻醉品单一公约的1972年议定书》修正的《1961年麻醉品单一公约》；
（j）“1971年公约”系指《1971年精神药物公约》；
（k）“理事会”系指联合国经济及社会理事会；
（l）“冻结”或“扣押”系指根据法院或主管当局下达的命令暂时禁止财产的转让、变换、处置或转移，或对财产实行暂时性扣留或控制；
（m）“非法贩运”系指本公约第3条第1款和第2款所列的犯罪；
（n）“麻醉药品”系指《1961年麻醉品单一公约》及经《修正1961年麻醉品单一公约的1972年议定书》修正的该公约附表一和附表二所列的任何天然或合成物质；
（o）“罂粟”系指催眠性罂粟种的植物；
（p）“收益”系提直接或间接地通过按第3条第1款确定的犯罪而获得或取得的任何财产；
（q）“财产”系指各种资产，不论其为物质的或非物质的、动产或非动产、有形的或无形的；以及证明对这种资产享有权利或利益的法律档或文书；
（r）“精神药物”系指《1971年精神药物公约》附表一、二、三或四所列的任何天然或合成物质或任何天然材料；
（s）“秘书长”系指联合国秘书长；
（t）“表一和表二”系指依此编号附于本公约后并按照第12条随时修订的物质清单；
（u）“过境国”系指既非原产地亦非最终目的地，而非法的麻醉药品、精神药物及表一和表二所列物质经由其领土转移的国家。
Article 1（DEFINITIONS）
Except where otherwise expressly indicated or where the context otherwise requires, the following definitions shall apply throughout this Convention：
（a）“Board” means the International Narcotics Control Board established by the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, and that Convention as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961；
（b）“Cannabis plant” means any plant of the genus Cannabis；
（c）“Coca bush” means the plant of any species of the genus Erythroxylon；
（d）“Commercial carrier” means any person or any public, private or other entity engaged in transporting persons, goods or mails for remuneration, hire or any other benefit；
（e）“Commission” means the Commission on Narcotic Drugs of the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations；
（f）“Confiscation”, which includes forfeiture where applicable, means the permanent deprivation of property by order of a court or other competent authority；
（g）“Controlled delivery” means the technique of allowing illicit or suspect consignments of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, substances in Table I and Table II annexed to this Convention, or substances substituted for them, to pass out of, through or into the territory of one or more countries, with the knowledge and under the supervision of their competent authorities, with a view to identifying persons involved in the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1 of the Convention；
（h）“1961 Convention” means the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961；
（i）“1961 Convention as amended” means the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961；
（j）“1971 Convention” means the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971；
（k）“Council” means the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations；
（l）“Freezing” or “seizure” means temporarily prohibiting the transfer, conversion, disposition or movement of property or temporarily assuming custody or control of property on the basis of an order issued by a court or a competent authority；
（m）“Illicit traffic” means the offences set forth in article 3, paragraphs 1 and 2, of this Convention；
（n）“Narcotic drug” means any of the substances, natural or synthetic, in Schedules I and II of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, and that Convention as amended by the 1972 Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961；
（o）“Opium poppy” means the plant of the species Papaver somniferum L；
（p）“Proceeds” means any property derived from or obtained, directly or indirectly, through the commission of an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1；
（q）“Property” means assets of every kind, whether corporeal or incorporeal, movable or immovable, tangible or intangible, and legal documents or instruments evidencing title to, or interest in, such assets；
（r）“Psychotropic substance” means any substance, natural or synthetic, or any natural material in Schedules I, II, III and IV of the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971；
（s）“Secretary-General” means the Secretary-General of the United Nations；
（t）“Table I” and “Table II” mean the correspondingly numbered lists of substances annexed to this Convention, as amended from time to time in accordance with article 12,
（u）“Transit State” means a State through the territory of which illicit narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II are being moved, which is neither the place of origin nor the place of ultimate destination thereof.
第2条（公约的范围）
1.本公约的宗旨是促进缔约国之间的合作，使它们可以更有效地对付国际范围的非法贩运麻醉药品和精神药物的各个方面。缔约国在履行其按本公约所承担的义务时，应根据其国内立法制度的基本规定，采取必要的措施，包括立法和行政措施。
2.缔约国应以符合各国主权平等和领土完整以及不干涉别国内政原则的方式履行其按本公约所承担的义务。
3.任一缔约国不得在另一缔约国的领土内行使由该另一缔约国国内法律规定完全属于该国当局的管辖权和职能。
Article 2（SCOPE OF THE CONVENTION）
1. The purpose of this Convention is to promote co-operation among the Parties so that they may address more effectively the various aspects of illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances having an international dimension. In carrying out their obligations under the Convention, the Parties shall take necessary measures, including legislative and administrative measures, in conformity with the fundamental provisions of their respective domestic legislative systems.
2. The Parties shall carry out their obligations under this Convention in a manner consistent with the principles of sovereign equality and territorial integrity of States and that of non-intervention in the domestic affairs of other States.
3. A Party shall not undertake in the territory of another Party the exercise of jurisdiction and performance of functions which are exclusively reserved for the authorities of that other Party by its domestic law.
第3条（犯罪和制裁）
1.各缔约国应采取可能必要的措施将下列故意行为确定为其国内法中的刑事犯罪：
（a）（一）违反《1961年公约》、经修正的《1961年公约》或《1971年公约》的各项规定，生产、制造、提炼、配制、提供、兜售、分销、出售、以任何条件交付、经纪、发送、过境发送、运输、进口或出口任何麻醉药品或精神药物；
（二）违反《1961年公约》和经修正的《1961年公约》的各项规定，为生产麻醉药品而种植罂粟、古柯或大麻植物；
（三）为了进行上述(一)目所列的任何活动，占有或购买任何麻醉药品或精神药物；
（四）明知其用途或目的是非法种植、生产或制造麻醉药品或精神药物而制造、运输或分销设备、材料或表一和表二所列物质；
（五）组织、管理或资助上述(一)、(二)、(三)或(四)目所列的任何犯罪；
（b）（一）明知财产得自按本款（a）项确定的任何犯罪或参与此种犯罪的行为，为了隐瞒或掩饰该财产的非法来源，或为了协助任何涉及此种犯罪的人逃避其行为的法律后果而转换或转让该财产；
（二）明知财产得自按本款（a）项确定的犯罪或参与此种犯罪的行为，隐瞒或掩饰该财产的真实性质、来源、所在地、处置、转移、相关的权利或所有权；
（c）在不违背其宪法原则及其法律制度基本概念的前提下，
（一）在收取财产时明知财产得自按本款（a）项确定的犯罪或参与此种犯罪的行为而获取、占有或使用该财产；
（二）明知其被用于或将用于非法种植、生产或制造麻醉药品或精神药物而占有设备、材料或表一和表二所列物质；
（三）以任何手段公开鼓动或引诱他人去犯按照本条确定的任何罪行或非法使用麻醉药品或精神药物；
（四）参与进行，合伙或共谋进行，进行未遂，以及帮助、教唆、便利和参谋进行按本条确定的任何犯罪。
2.各缔约国应在不违背其宪法原则和法律制度基本概念的前提下，采取可能必要的措施，在其国内法中将违反《1961年公约》、经修正的《1961年公约》或《1971年公约》的各项规定，故意占有、购买或种植麻醉药品或精神药物以供个人消费的行为，确定为刑事犯罪。
3.构成本条第1款所列罪行的知情、故意或目的等要素，可根据客观事实情况加以判断。
4.（a）各缔约国应使按本条第1款确定的犯罪受到充分顾及这些罪行的严重性质的制裁，诸如监禁或以其他形式剥夺自由，罚款和没收。
（b）缔约国还可规定除进行定罪或惩罚外，对犯有按本条第1款确定的罪行的罪犯采取治疗、教育、善后护理、康复或回归社会等措施。
（c）尽管有以上各项规定，在性质轻微的适当案件中，缔约国可规定作为定罪或惩罚的替代办法，采取诸如教育、康复或回归社会等措施，如罪犯为嗜毒者，还可采取治疗或善后护理等措施。
（d）缔约国对于按本条第2款确定的犯罪，可以规定对罪犯采取治疗、教育、善后护理、康复或回归社会的措施，以作为定罪或惩罚的替代办法，或作为定罪或惩罚的补充。
5.缔约国应确保其法院和拥有管辖权的其他主管当局能够考虑使按照第1款所确定的犯罪构成特别严重犯罪的事实情况，例如：
（a）罪犯所属的有组织的犯罪集团涉及该项犯罪；
（b）罪犯涉及其他国际上有组织的犯罪活动；
（c）罪犯涉及由此项犯罪所便利的其他非法活动；
（d）罪犯使用暴力或武器；
（e）罪犯担任公职，且其所犯罪行与该公职有关；
（f）危害或利用未成年人；
（g）犯罪发生在监禁管教场所，或教育机构或社会服务场所，或在紧邻这些场所的地方，或在学童和学生进行教育、体育或社会活动的其他地方；
（h）以前在国外或国内曾被判罪，特别是类似的犯罪，但以缔约国国内法所允许的程度为限。
6.缔约国为起诉犯有按本条确定的罪行的人而行使其国内法规定的法律裁量权时，应努力确保对这些罪行的执法措施取得最大成效，并适当考虑到需要对此种犯罪起到威慑作用。
7.缔约国应确保其法院或其他主管当局对于已判定犯有本条第1款所列罪行的人，在考虑其将来可能的早释或假释时，顾及这种罪行的严重性质和本条第5款所列的情况。
8.各缔约国应酌情在其国内法中对于按本条第1款确定的任何犯罪，规定一个长的追诉时效期限，当被指称的罪犯已逃避司法处置时，期限应更长。
9.各缔约国应采取符合其法律制度的适当措施，确保在其领土内发现的被指控或被判定犯有按本条第1款确定的罪行的人，能在必要的刑事诉讼中出庭。
10.为了缔约国之间根据本公约进行合作，特别包括根据第5、6、7和9条进行合作，在不影响缔约国的宪法限制和基本的国内法的情况下，凡依照本条确定的犯罪均不得视为经济犯罪或政治犯罪或认为是出于政治动机。
11.本条规定不得影响其所述犯罪和有关的法律辩护理由只应由缔约国的国内法加以阐明以及此种犯罪应依该法予以起诉和惩罚的原则。
Article 3（OFFENCES AND SANCTIONS）
1. Each Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences under its domestic law, when committed intentionally：
（a）i）The production, manufacture, extraction； preparation, offering, offering for sale, distribution, sale, delivery on any terms whatsoever, brokerage, dispatch, dispatch in transit, transport, importation or exportation of any narcotic drug or any psychotropic substance contrary to the provisions of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended or the 1971 Convention；
（ii）The cultivation of opium poppy, coca bush or cannabis plant for the purpose of the production of narcotic drugs contrary to the provisions of the 1961 Convention and the 1961 Convention as amended；
（iii）The possession or purchase of any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance for the purpose of any of the activities enumerated in i）above；
（iv）The manufacture, transport or distribution of equipment, materials or of substances listed in Table I and Table II, knowing that they are to be used in or for the illicit cultivation, production or manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances；
（v）The organization, management or financing of any of the offences enumerated in i）, ii）, iii）or iv）above；
（b）i）The conversion or transfer of property, knowing that such property is derived from any offence or offences established in accordance with subparagraph a）of this paragraph, or from an act of participation in such offence or offences, for the purpose of concealing or disguising the illicit origin of the property or of assisting any person who is involved in the commission of such an offence or offences to evade the legal consequences of his actions；
（ii）The concealment or disguise of the true nature, source, location, disposition, movement, rights with respect to, or ownership of property, knowing that such property is derived from an offence or offences established in accordance with subparagraph a）of this paragraph or from an act of participation in such an offence or offences；
（c）Subject to its constitutional principles and the basic concepts of its legal system：
（i）The acquisition, possession or use of property, knowing, at the time of receipt, that such property was derived from an offence or offences established in accordance with subparagraph a）of this paragraph or from an act of participation in such offence or offences；
（ii）The possession of equipment or materials or substances listed in Table I and Table II, knowing that they are being or are to be used in or for the illicit cultivation, production or
（iii）Publicly inciting or inducing others, by any means, to commit any of the offences established in accordance with this article or to use narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances illicitly；
（iv）Participation in, association or conspiracy to commit, attempts to commit and aiding, abetting, facilitating and counselling the commission of any of the offences established in accordance with this article.
2. Subject to its constitutional principles and the basic concepts of its legal system, each Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence under its domestic law, when committed intentionally, the possession, purchase or cultivation of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances for personal consumption contrary to the provisions of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended or the 1971 Convention.
3. Knowledge, intent or purpose required as an element of an offence set forth in paragraph 1 of this article may be inferred from objective factual circumstances.
4. a）Each Party shall make the commission of the offences established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article liable to sanctions which take into account the grave nature of these offences, such as imprisonment or other forms of deprivation of liberty, pecuniary sanctions and confiscation.
（b）The Parties may provide, in addition to conviction or punishment, for an offence established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article, that the offender shall undergo measures such as treatment, education, aftercare, rehabilitation or social reintegration.
（c）Notwithstanding the preceding subparagraphs, in appropriate cases of a minor nature, the Parties may provide, as alternatives to conviction or punishment, measures such as education, rehabilitation or social reintegration, as well as, when the offender is a drug abuser, treatment and aftercare.
（d）The Parties may provide, either as an alternative to conviction or punishment, or in addition to conviction or punishment of an offence established in accordance with paragraph 2 of this article, measures for the treatment, education, aftercare, rehabilitation or social reintegration of the offender.
5. The Parties shall ensure that their courts and other competent authorities having jurisdiction can take into account factual circumstances which make the commission of the offences established in accordance with paragraph l of this article particularly serious, such as：
（a）The involvement in the offence of an organized criminal group to which the offender belongs；
（b）The involvement of the offender in other international organized criminal activities；
（c）The involvement of the offender in other illegal activities facilitated by commission of the offence；
（d）The use of violence or arms by the offender；
（e）The fact that the offender holds a public office and that the offence is connected with the office in question；
（f）The victimization or use of minors；
（g）The fact that the offence is committed in a penal institution or in an educational institution or social service facility or in their immediate vicinity or in other places to which school children and students resort for educational, sports and social activities；
（h）Prior conviction, particularly for similar offences, whether foreign or domestic, to the extent permitted under the domestic law of a Party.
6. The Parties shall endeavour to ensure that any discretionary legal powers under their domestic law relating to the prosecution of persons for offences established in accordance with this article are exercised to maximize the effectiveness of law enforcement measures in respect of those offences, and with due regard to the need to deter the commission of such offences.
7. The Parties shall, ensure that their courts or other competent authorities bear in mind the serious nature of the offences enumerated in paragraph l of this article and the circumstances enumerated in paragraph 5 of this article when considering the eventuality of early release or parole of persons convicted of such offences.
8. Each Party shall, where appropriate, establish under its domestic law a long statute of limitations period in which to commence proceedings for any offence established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article, and a longer period where the alleged offender has evaded the administration of justice.
9. Each Party shall take appropriate measures, consistent with its legal system, to ensure that a person charged with or convicted of an offence established in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article, who is found within its territory, is present at the necessary criminal proceedings.
10. For the purpose of co-operation among the Parties under this Convention, including, in particular, co-operation under articles 5, 6, 7 and 9, offences established in accordance with this article shall not be considered as fiscal offences or as political offences or regarded as politically motivated, without prejudice to the constitutional limitations and the fundamental domestic law of the Parties.
11. Nothing contained in this article shall affect the principle that the description of the offences to which it refers and of legal defences thereto is reserved to the domestic law of a Party and that such offences shall be prosecuted and punished in conformity with that law.
第4条（管辖权）
1.各缔约国：
（a）在遇到下述情况时，应采取可能必要的措施，对其按第3条第1款确定的犯罪，确立本国的管辖权：
（一）犯罪发生在其领土内；
（二）犯罪发生在犯罪时悬挂其国旗的船只或按其法律注册的飞行器上；
（b）在遇到下述情况时，可采取可能必要的措施，对其按第3条第1款确定的犯罪，确立本国的管辖权：
（一）进行该犯罪的人为本国国民或在其领土内有惯常居所者；
（二）犯罪发生在该缔约国已获授权按第17条规定对之采取适当行动的船舶上，但这种管辖权只应根据该条第4和第9款所述协定或安排行使；
（三）该犯罪属于按第3条第1款（c）项(四)目确定的罪行之一，并发生在本国领土外，而目的是在其领土内进行按第3条第1款确定的某项犯罪。
2.各缔约国：
（a）当被指控的罪犯在其领土内，并且基于下述理由不把他引渡到另一缔约国时，也应采取可能必要的措施，对其按第3条第1款确定的犯罪，确立本国的管辖权：
（一）犯罪发生在其领土内或发生在犯罪时悬挂其国旗的船只或按其法律注册的飞行器上；或
（二）进行犯罪的人为本国国民；
（b）当被指控的罪犯在其领土内，并且不把他引渡到另一缔约国时，也可采取可能必要的措施，对其按第3条第1款确定的犯罪，确立本国的管辖权。
3.本公约不排除任一缔约国行使按照其国内法确立的任刑事管辖权。
Article 4（JURISDICTION）
1. Each Party：
(a)Shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences it has established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, when：
(i)The offence is committed in its territory；
(ii)The offence is committed on board a vessel flying its flag or an aircraft which is registered under its laws at the time the offence is committed；
(b)May take such measures as maybe necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences it has established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, when：
(i)The offence is committed by one of its nationals or by a person who has his habitual residence in its territory；
(ii)The offence is committed on board a vessel concerning which that Party has been authorized to take appropriate action pursuant to article 17, provided that such jurisdiction shall be exercised only on the basis of agreements or arrangements referred to in paragraphs 4 and 9 of that article；
(iii)The offence is one of those established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, subparagraph c)iv), and is committed outside its territory with a view to the commission, within its territory, of an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
2. Each Party：
(a)Shall also take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences it has established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, when the alleged offender is present in its territory and it does not extradite him to another Party on the ground：
(i)That the offence has been committed in its territory or on board a vessel flying its flag or an aircraft which was registered under its law at the time the offence was committed； or
(ii)That the offence has been committed by one of its nationals；
(b)May also take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offences it has established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, when the alleged offender is present in its territory and it does not extradite him to another Party.
3. This Convention does not exclude the exercise of any criminal jurisdiction established by a Party in accordance with its domestic law.
第5条（没收）
1.各缔约国应制定可能必要的措施以便能够没收：
（a）从按第3条第1款确定的犯罪中得来的收益或价值相当于此种收益的财产；
（b）已经或意图以任何方式用于按第3条第1款确定的犯罪的麻醉药品和精神药物、材料和设备或其他工具。
2.各缔约国还应制定可能必要的措施，使其主管当局得以识别、追查和冻结或扣押本条第1款所述的收益、财产、工具或任何其他物品，以便最终予以没收。
3.为执行本条所述的措施，各缔约国应授权其法院或其他主管当局下令提供或扣押银行记录、财务记录或商业记录。任一缔约国不得以保守银行秘密为由拒绝按照本款的规定采取行动。
4.（a）在接到对按第3条第1款确定的某项犯罪拥有管辖权的另一缔约国依本条规定提出的请求后，本条第1款所述收益、财产、工具或任何其他物品在其领土内的缔约国应：
（一）将该项请求提交其主管当局，以便取得没收令，如此项命令已经发出，则应予以执行；或
（二）将请求国按本条第1款规定对存在于被请求国领土内的第1款所述收益、财产、工具或任何其他物品发出的没收令提交其主管当局，以便在请求的范围内予以执行。
（b）在接到对按第3条第1款确定的某项犯罪拥有管辖权的另一缔约国依本条规定提出的请求后，被请求国应采取措施识别、追查和冻结或扣押本条第1款所述的收益、财产、工具或任何其他物品，以便由请求国，或根据依本款（a）项规定提出的请求，由被请求国下令最终予没收。
（c）被请求国按本款（a）项和（b）项规定作出决定或采取行动，均应符合并遵守其国内法的规定及其程式规则或可能约束其与请求国关系的任何双边或多边条约、协定或安排。
（d）第7条第6至19款的规定可以比照适用。除第7条第10款所列情况外，按本条规定提出的请求书还应包含以下各项：
（一）如系按（a）项(一)目提出的请求，须附有足够的对拟予没收的财产的说明和请求国所依据的事实的陈述，以便被请求国能够根据其国内法取得没收令；
（二）如系按（a）项(二)目提出的请求，须附有该请求所依据的、由请求国发出的、法律上可接受的没收令副本，事实的陈述，和关于请求执行该没收令的范围的说明；
（三）如系按（b）项提出的请求，须附有请求国所依据的事实的陈述和对所请求采取的行动的说明。
（e）各缔约国应向秘书长提供本国有关实施本款的任何法律和条例的文本以及这些法律和条例此后的任何修改文本。
（f）如某一缔约国要求采取本款（a）项和（b）项所述措施必须以存在一项有关的条约为条件，则该缔约国应将本公约视为必要而充分的条约依据。
（g）缔约国应谋求缔结双边和多边条约、协定或安排，以增强根据本条进行的国际合作的有效性。
5.（a）缔约国按照本条第1款或第4款的规定所没收的收益或财产，应由该缔约国按照其国内法和行政程式加以处理。
（b）缔约国按本条规定依另一缔约国的请求采取行动时，该缔约国可特别考虑就下述事项缔结协定：
（一）将这类收益和财产的价值，或变卖这类收益或财产所得的款项，或其中相当一部分，捐给专门从事打击非法贩运及滥用麻醉药品和精神药物的政府间机构；
（二）按照本国法律行政程式或专门缔结的双边或多边协定，定期地或逐案地与其他缔约国分享这类收益或财产或由变卖这类收益或财产所得的款项。
6.（a）如果收益已转化或变换成其他财产，则应将此种财产视为收益的替代，对其采取本条所述的措施。
（b）如果收益已与得自合法来源的财产相混合，则在不损害任何扣押权或冻结权的情况下，应没收此混合财产，但以不超过所混合的该项收益的估计价值为限。
（c）对从下述来源取得的收入或其他利益：
（一）收益；
（二）由收益转化或变换成的财产；或
（三）已与收益相混合的财产，也应采取本条所述措施，在方式和程度上如同对待收益一样。
7.各缔约国可考虑确保关于指称的收益或应予没收的其他财产的合法来源的举证责任可予颠倒，但这种行动应符合其国内法的原则和司法及其他程式的性质。
8.本条各项规定不得解释为损害善意第三方的权利。
9.本条任何规定均不得影响其所述措施应依缔约国的国内法并在该法规定的条件下加以确定和实施的原则。
Article 5（CONFISCATION）
1. Each Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary to enable confiscation of：
(a)Proceeds derived from offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, or property the value of which corresponds to that of such proceeds；
(b)Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, materials and equipment or other instrumentalities used in or intended for use in any manner in offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
2. Each Party shall also adopt such measures as may be necessary to enable its competent authorities to identify, trace, and freeze or seize proceeds, property, instrumentalities or any other things referred to in paragraph 1 of this article, for the purpose of eventual confiscation.
3. In order to carry out the measures referred to in this article, each Party shall empower its courts or other competent authorities to order that bank, financial or commercial records be made available or be seized. A Party shall not decline to act under the provisions of this paragraph on the ground of bank secrecy.
4. (a)Following a request made pursuant to this article by another Party having jurisdiction over an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, the Party in whose territory proceeds, property, instrumentalities or any other things referred to in paragraph 1 of this article are situated shall：
(i)Submit the request to its competent authorities for the purpose of obtaining an order of confiscation and, if such order is granted, give effect to it； or
(ii)Submit to its competent authorities, with a view to giving effect to it to the extent requested, an order of confiscation issued by the requesting Party in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article, in so far as it relates to proceeds, property, instrumentalities or any other things referred to in paragraph 1 situated in the territory of the requested Party.
(b)Following a request made pursuant to this article by another Party having jurisdiction over an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, the requested Party shall take measures to identify, trace, and freeze or seize proceeds, property, instrumentalities or any other things referred to in paragraph l of this article for the purpose of eventual confiscation to be ordered either by the requesting Party or, pursuant to a request under subparagraph a)of this paragraph, by the requested Party.
(c)The decisions or actions provided for in subparagraphs a)and b)of this paragraph shall be taken by the requested Party, in accordance with and subject to the provisions of its domestic law and its procedural rules or any bilateral or multilateral treaty, agreement or arrangement to which it may be bound in relation to the requesting Party.
(d)The provisions of article 7, paragraphs 6 to 19 are applicable mutatis mutandis. In addition to the information specified in article 7, paragraph 10, requests made pursuant to this article shall contain the following：
(i)In the case of a request pertaining to subparagraph a)i)of this paragraph, a description of the property to be confiscated and a statement of the facts relied upon by the requesting Party sufficient to enable the requested Party to seek the order under its domestic law；
(ii)In the case of a request pertaining to subparagraph a)ii), a legally admissible copy of an order of confiscation issued by the requesting Party upon which the request is based, a statement of the facts and information as to the extent to which the execution of the order is requested；
(iii)In the case of a request pertaining to subparagraph b), a statement of the facts relied upon by the requesting Party and a description of the actions requested.
(e)Each Party shall furnish to the Secretary-General the text of any of its laws and regulations which give effect to this paragraph and the text of any subsequent changes to such laws and regulations.
(f)If a Party elects to make the taking of the measures referred to in subparagraphs a)and b)of this paragraph conditional on the existence of a relevant treaty, that Party shall consider this Convention as the necessary and sufficient treaty basis.
(g)The Parties shall seek to conclude bilateral and multilateral treaties, agreements or arrangements to enhance the effectiveness of international co-operation pursuant to this article.
5. (a)Proceeds or property confiscated by a Party pursuant to paragraph 1 or paragraph 4 of this article shall be disposed of by that Party according to its domestic law and administrative procedures.
(b)When acting on the request of another Party in accordance with this article, a Party may give special consideration to concluding agreements on：
(i)Contributing the value of such proceeds and property, or funds derived from the sale of such proceeds or property, or a substantial part thereof, to intergovernmental bodies specializing in the fight against illicit traffic in and abuse of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances；
(ii)Sharing with other Parties, on a regular or case-by-case basis, such proceeds or property, or funds derived from the sale of such proceeds or property, in accordance with its domestic law, administrative procedures or bilateral or multilateral agreements entered into for this purpose.
6.(a)If proceeds have been transformed or converted into other property, such property shall be liable to the measures referred to in this article instead of the proceeds.
(b)If proceeds have been intermingled with property acquired from legitimate sources, such property shall, without prejudice to any powers relating to seizure or freezing, be liable to confiscation up to the assessed value of the intermingled proceeds. c)Income or other benefits derived from：
(i)Proceeds；
(ii)Property into which proceeds have been transformed or converted； or
(iii)Property with which proceeds have been intermingled shall also be liable to the measures referred to in this article, in the same manner and to the same extent as proceeds.
7. Each Party may consider ensuring that the onus of proof be reversed regarding the lawful origin of alleged proceeds or other property liable to confiscation, to the extent that such action is consistent with the principles of its domestic law and with the nature of the judicial and other proceedings.
8. The provisions of this article shall not be construed as prejudicing the rights of bona fide third parties.
9. Nothing contained in this article shall affect the principle that the measures to which it refers shall be defined and implemented in accordance with and subject to the provisions of the domestic law of a Party.
第6条（引渡）
1.本条应适用于缔约国按照第3条第1款所确定的犯罪。
2.本条适用的各项犯罪均应视为缔约国之间现行的任何引渡条约应予包括的可引渡的犯罪。各缔约国承诺将此种犯罪作为可予引渡的犯罪列入它们之间将要缔结的每一引渡条约之中。
3.如某一缔约国要求引渡须以存在有一项条约为条件，在接到与之未订有引渡条约的另一缔约国的引渡请求时，它可将本公约视为就本条适用的任何犯罪进行引渡的法律依据。缔约国若需具体立法才能将本公约当作引渡的法律依据，则应考虑制定可能必要的立法。
4.不以存在一项条约为引渡条件的缔约国应承认本条所适用的犯罪为其相互间可予引渡的犯罪。
5.引渡应遵守被请求国法律或适用的引渡条约所规定的条件，包括被请求国可拒以拒绝引渡的理由。
6.被请求国在考虑根据本条提出的请求时，如果有充分理由使其司法或其他主管当局认为按该请求行事就会便利对任何人因其种族、宗教、国籍或政治观点进行起诉或惩罚，或使受该请求影响的任何人由于上述任一原因而遭受损害，则可拒绝按该请求行事。
7.对于本条所适用的任何犯罪，缔约国应努力加快引渡程式并简化对有关证据的要求。
8.被请求国在不违背其国内法及其引渡条约各项规定的前提下，可在认定情况必要且紧迫时，应请求国的请求，将被要求引渡且在其领土上的人予以拘留，或采取其他适当措施，以确保该人在进行引渡程式时在场。
9.在不影响行使按照其国内法确立的任何刑事管辖权的情况下，在其领土内发现被指控的犯罪的缔约国，（a）如果基于第4条第2款（a）项所列理由不引渡犯有按第3条第1款确定的罪行的人，则应将此案提交其主管当局以便起诉，除非与请求国另有协议；
（b）如果不引渡犯有此种罪行的人并按第4条第2款（b）项规定对此种犯罪确立其管辖权，则应将此案提交其主管当局以便起诉，除非请求国为保留其合法管辖权而另有请求。
10.为执行一项刑罚而要求的引渡，如果由于所要引渡的人为被请求国的国民而遭到拒绝，被请求国应在其法律允许并且符合该法律的要求的情况下，根据请求国的申请，考虑执行按请求国法律判处的该项刑罚或未满的刑期。
11.各缔约国应谋求缔结双边和多边协定以执行引渡或加强引渡的有效性。
12.缔约国可考虑订立双边或多边协定，不论是特别的或一般的协定，将由于犯有本条适用的罪行而被判处监禁或以其他形式剥夺自由的人移交其本国，使他们可在那里服满其刑期。
Article 6（EXTRADITION）
1. This article shall apply to the offences established by the Parties in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
2. Each of the offences to which this article applies shall be deemed to be included as an extraditable offence in any extradition treaty existing between Parties. The Parties undertake to include such offences as extraditable offences in every extradition treaty to be concluded between them.
3. If a Party which makes extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty receives a request for extradition from another Party with which it has no extradition treaty, it may consider this Convention as the legal basis for extradition in respect of any offence to which this article applies. The Parties which require detailed legislation in order to use this Convention as a legal basis for extradition shall consider enacting such legislation as may be necessary.
4. The Parties which do not make extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty shall recognize offences to which this article applies as extraditable offences between themselves.
5. Extradition shall be subject to the conditions provided for by the law of the requested Party or by applicable extradition treaties, including the grounds upon which the requested Party may refuse extradition.
6. In considering requests received pursuant to this article, the requested State may refuse to comply with such requests where there are substantial grounds leading its judicial or other competent authorities to believe that compliance would facilitate the prosecution or punishment of any person on account of his race, religion, nationality or political opinions, or would cause prejudice for any of those reasons to any person affected by the request.
7. The Parties shall endeavour to expedite extradition procedures and to simplify evidentiary requirements relating thereto in respect of any offence to which this article applies.
8. Subject to the provisions of its domestic law and its extradition treaties, the requested Party may, upon being satisfied that the circumstances so warrant and are urgent, and at the request of the requesting Party, take a person whose extradition is sought and who is present in its territory into custody or take other appropriate measures to ensure his presence at extradition proceedings. 7
9. Without prejudice to the exercise of any criminal jurisdiction established in accordance with its domestic law, a Party in whose territory an alleged offender is found shall：
(a)If it does not extradite him in respect of an offence established in accordance with article 3, paragraph l, on the grounds set forth in article 4, paragraph 2, subparagraph a), submit the case to its competent authorities for the purpose of prosecution, unless otherwise agreed with the requesting Party；
(b)If it does not extradite him in respect of such an offence and has established its jurisdiction in relation to that offence in accordance with article 4, paragraph 2, subparagraph b), submit the case to its competent authorities for the purpose of prosecution, unless otherwise requested by the requesting Party for the purposes of preserving its legitimate jurisdiction.
10. If extradition, sought for purposes of enforcing a sentence, is refused because the person sought is a national of the requested Party, the requested Party shall, if its law so permits and in conformity with the requirements of such law, upon application of the requesting Party, consider, the enforcement of the sentence which has been imposed under the law of the requesting Party, or the remainder thereof.
11. The Parties shall seek to conclude bilateral and multilateral agreements to carry out or to enhance the effectiveness of extradition.
12. The Parties may consider entering into bilateral or multilateral agreements, whether ad hoc or general, on the transfer to their country of persons sentenced to imprisonment and other forms of deprivation of liberty for offences to which this article applies, in order that they may complete their sentences there.
第7条（相互法律协助）
1.缔约国应遵照本条规定，在对于按第3条第1款所确定的刑事犯罪进行的调查、起诉和司法程式中相互提供最广泛的法律协助。
2.按照本条规定，可为下列任何目的提出相互法律协助的请求：
（a）获取证据或个人证词；
（b）送达司法档；
（c）执行搜查及扣押；
（d）检查物品和现场；
（e）提供情报和证物；
（f）提供有关档及记录的原件或经证明的副本，其中包括银行、财务、公司或营业记录；
（g）识别或追查收益、财产、工具或其他物品，以作为证据。
3.缔约国可相互提供被请求国国内法所允许的任何其他形式的相互法律协助。
4.缔约国应根据请求，在符合其国内法律和实践的范围内，便利或鼓励那些同意协助调查或参与诉讼的人员，包括在押人员，出庭或在场。
5.缔约国不得以保守银行秘密为由拒绝提供本条规定的相互法律协助。
6.本条各项规定不得影响依任何其他全部或局部规范或将规范相互刑事法律协助问题的双边或多边条约所承担的义务。
7.本条第8至19款应适用于有关缔约国不受一项相互法律协助条约约束时根据本条规定提出的请求。如果上述缔约国受此类条约约束，则该条约相应条款应予适用，除非缔约国同意适用本条第8至19款以取代之。
8.缔约国应指定一个当局或在必要时指定若干当局，使之负责和有权执行关于相互法律协助的请求或将该请求转交主管当局加以执行。应将为此目的指定的当局通知秘书长。相互法律协助请求的传递以及与此有关的任何联系均应通过缔约国指定的当局进行；这一要求不得损害缔约国要求通过外交管道以及在紧急和可能的情况下，经有关缔约国同意，通过国际刑警组织管道传递这种请求和进行这种联系的权利。
9.请求应以被请求国能接受的语文书面提出。各缔约国所能接受的语文应通知秘书长。在紧急情况下，如有关缔约国同意，这种请求可以口头方式提出，但应尽快加以书面确认。
10.相互法律协助的请求书应载有：
（a）提出请求的当局的身份；
（b）请求所涉的调查、起诉或诉讼的事由和性质，以及进行此项调查、起诉或诉讼的当局的名称和职能；
（c）有关事实的概述，但为送达司法文件提出的请求除外；
（d）对请求协助的事项和请求国希望遵循的特殊程式细节的说明；
（e）可能时，任何有关人员的身份、所在地和国籍；
（f）索取证据、情报或要求采取行动的目的。
11.被请求国可要求提供补充情报，如果这种情报系按照其国内法执行该请求所必需或有助于执行该请求。
12.请求应根据被请求国的国内法予以执行。在不违反被请求国国内法的情况下，如有可能，还应遵循请求书中列明的程式。
13.请求国如事先未经被请求国同意，不得将被请求国提供的情报或证据转交或用于请求书所述以外的调查、起诉或诉讼。
14.请求国可要求被请求国，除非为执行请求所必需，应对请求一事及其内容保密。如果被请求国不能遵守这一保密要求，它应立即通知请求国。
15.在下列情况下可拒绝提供相互法律协助：
（a）请求未按本条规定提出；
（b）被请求国认为执行请求可能损害其主权、安全、公共秩序或其他基本利益；
（c）若被请求国当局依其管辖权对任何类似犯罪进行调查、起诉或诉讼时，其国内法禁止执行对此类犯罪采取被请求的行动；
（d）同意此项请求将违反被请求国关于相互法律协助的法律制度。
16.拒绝相互协助时，应说明理由。
17.相互法律协助可因与正在进行的调查、起诉或诉讼发生冲突而暂缓进行。在此情况下，被请求国应与请求国磋商，以决定是否可按被请求国认为必要的条件提供协助。
18.同意到请求国就一项诉讼作证或对一项调查、起诉或司法程式提供协助的证人、专家或其他人员，不应由于其离开被请求国领土之前的行为、不行为或定罪而在请求国领土内受到起诉、拘禁、惩罚或对其人身自由施加任何其他限制。如该证人或专家或个人已得到正式通知，司法当局不再需要其到场，自通知之日起连续十五天或在缔约国所议定的任何期限内有机会离开，但仍自愿留在该国境内，或在离境后又出于自己的意愿返回，则此项安全保障即予停止。
19.执行请求的一般费用应由被请求国承担，除非有关缔约国另有协议。如执行该请求需支付巨额或特殊性质的费用，有关缔约国应相互协商，以确定执行该请求的条件以及承担费用的办法。
20.缔约国应视需要考虑缔结旨在实现本条目的、具体实施或加强本条规定的双边或多边协定或安排的可能性。
Article 7（MUTUAL LEGAL ASSISTANCE）
1. The Parties shall afford one another, pursuant to this article, the widest measure of mutual legal assistance in investigations, prosecutions and judicial proceedings in relation to criminal offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
2. Mutual legal assistance to be afforded in accordance with this article may be requested for any of the following purposes：
(a)Taking evidence or statements from persons；
(b)Effecting service of judicial documents；
(c)Executing searches and seizures；
(d)Examining objects and sites；
(e)Providing information and evidentiary items；
(f)Providing originals or certified copies of relevant documents and records, including bank, financial, corporate or business records；
(g)Identifying or tracing proceeds, property, instrumentalities or other things for evidentiary purposes.
3. The Parties may afford one another any other forms of mutual legal assistance allowed by the domestic law of the requested Party.
4. Upon request, the Parties shall facilitate or encourage, to the extent consistent with their domestic law and practice, the presence or availability of persons, including persons in custody, who consent to assist in investigations or participate in proceedings.
5. A Party shall not decline to render mutual legal assistance under this article on the ground of bank secrecy.
6. The provisions of this article shall not affect the obligations under any other treaty, bilateral or multilateral, which governs or will govern, in whole or in part, mutual legal assistance in criminal matters.
7. Paragraphs 8 to 19 of this article shall apply to requests made pursuant to this article if the Parties in question are not bound by a treaty of mutual legal assistance. If these Parties are bound by such a treaty, the corresponding provisions of that treaty shall apply unless the Parties agree to apply paragraphs 8 to 19 of this article in lieu thereof.
8. Parties shall designate an authority, or when necessary authorities, which shall have the responsibility and power to execute requests for mutual legal assistance or to transmit them to the competent authorities for execution. The authority or the authorities designated for this purpose shall be notified to the Secretary-General. Transmission of requests for mutual legal assistance and any communication related thereto shall be effected between the authorities designated by the Parties； this requirement shall be without prejudice to the right of a Party to require that such requests and communications be addressed to it through the diplomatic channel and, in urgent circumstances, where the Parties agree, through channels of the International Criminal Police Organization, if possible.
9. Requests shall be made in writing in a language acceptable to the requested Party. The language or languages acceptable to each Party shall be notified to the Secretary-General. In urgent circumstances, and where agreed by the Parties, requests may be made orally, but shall be confirmed in writing forthwith.
10. A request for mutual legal assistance shall contain：
(a)The identity of the authority making the request；
(b)The subject matter and nature of the investigation, prosecution or proceeding to which the request relates, and the name and the functions of the authority conducting such investigation, prosecution or proceeding；
(c)A summary of the relevant facts, except in respect of requests for the purpose of service of judicial documents；
(d)A description of the assistance sought and details of any particular procedure the requesting Party wishes to be followed；
(e)Where possible, the identity, location and nationality of any person concerned；
(f)The purpose for which the evidence, information or action is sought.
11. The requested Party may request additional information when it appears necessary for the execution of the request in accordance with its domestic law or when it can facilitate such execution.
12. A request shall be executed in accordance with the domestic law of the requested Party and, to the extent not contrary to the domestic law of the requested Party and where possible, in accordance with the procedures specified in the request.
13. The requesting Party shall not transmit nor use information or evidence furnished by the requested Party for investigations, prosecutions or proceedings other than those stated in the request without the prior consent of the requested Party.
14. The requesting Party may require that the requested Party keep confidential the fact and substance of the request, except to the extent necessary to execute the request. If the requested Party cannot comply with the requirement of confidentiality, it shall promptly inform the requesting Party.
15. Mutual legal assistance may be refused：
(a)If the request is not made in conformity with the provisions of this article；
(b)If the requested Party considers that execution of the request is likely to prejudice its sovereignty, security, ordre public or other essential interests；
(c)If the authorities of the requested Party would be prohibited by its domestic law from carrying out the action requested with regard to any similar offence, had it been subject to investigation, prosecution or proceedings under their own jurisdiction；
(d)If it would be contrary to the legal system of the requested Party relating to mutual legal assistance for the request to be granted.
16. Reasons shall be given for any refusal of mutual legal assistance.
17. Mutual legal assistance may be postponed by the requested Party on the ground that it interferes with an ongoing investigation, prosecution or proceeding. In such a case, the requested Party shall consult with the requesting Party to determine if the assistance can still be given subject to such terms and conditions as the requested Party deems necessary.
18. A witness, expert or other person who consents to give evidence in a proceeding or to assist in an investigation, prosecution or judicial proceeding in the territory of the requesting Party, shall not be prosecuted, detained, punished or subjected to any other restriction of his personal liberty in that territory in respect of acts, omissions or convictions prior to his departure from the territory of the requested Party. Such safe conduct shall cease when the witness, expert or other person having had, for a period of fifteen consecutive days, or for any period agreed upon by the Parties, from the date on which 9he has been officially informed that his presence is no longer required by the judicial authorities, an opportunity of leaving, has nevertheless remained voluntarily in the territory or, having left it, has returned of his own free will.
19. The ordinary costs of executing a request shall be borne by the requested Party, unless otherwise agreed by the Parties concerned. If expenses of a substantial or extraordinary nature are or will be required to fulfil the request, the Parties shall consult to determine the terms and conditions under which the request will be executed as well as the manner in which the costs shall be borne.
20. The Parties shall consider, as may be necessary, the possibility of concluding bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements that would serve the purposes of, give practical effect to, or enhance the provisions of this article.
第8条（移交诉讼）
缔约国应考虑对于按第3条第1款确定的犯罪的刑事起诉相互移交诉讼的可能性，如果此种移交被认为有利于适当的司法处置。
Article 8（TRANSFER OF PROCEEDINGS）
The Parties shall give consideration to the possibility of transferring to one another proceedings for criminal prosecution of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, in cases where such transfer is considered to be in the interests of a proper administration of justice.
第9条（其他形式的合作和培训）
1.缔约国应在符合其各自国内法律和行政制度的情况下，相互密切合作，以期增强为制止按第3条第1款确定的犯罪而采取的执法行动的有效性。缔约国特别应根据双边或多边的协定或安排：
（a）建立并保持其主管机构和部门之间的联系管道，以利于安全而迅速地交换关于按第3条第1款确定的犯罪各个方面的情报，如有关缔约国认为适当，包括与其他犯罪活动的联系的情报；
（b）相互合作，对于按第3条第1款确定的带有国际性质的犯罪，进行有关下述方面的调查：
（一）嫌疑涉及按第3条第1款确定的犯罪的人的身份、行踪和活动；
（二）得自此种犯罪的收益或财产的转移情况；
（三）用于或意图用于进行此类犯罪的麻醉药品、精神药物、本公约表一和表二所列物质以及工具的转移情况；
（c）在适当的案件中并在不违背其国内法的前提下，建立联合小组执行本款规定，同时应考虑到必须保护人员安全和执法活动的安全。参加联合小组的任何缔约国官员均应按拟在其领土上进行执法活动的缔约国有关当局的授权行事；在所有这些情况下，所涉缔约国应确保充分尊重拟在其领土上进行执法活动的缔约国的主权；
（d）酌情提供必要数量的某些物质供分析或调查之用；
（e）便利其主管机构和部门之间的有效协调，并促进人员和其他专家的交流，适当时包括派驻联络官员。
2.各缔约国应在必要的范围内提出、制订或改进对其负责制止按第3条第1款确定的犯罪的执法人员和其他人员，包括海关人员的具体培训方案。此种方案应特别包括下述方面：
（a）对于按第3条第1款确定的犯罪的侦查和制止方法；
（b）嫌疑涉及按第3条第1款确定的犯罪的人使用的路线和技术，特别是在过境国使用的路线和技术，以及适当的对付办法；
（c）对麻醉药品、精神药物和表一和表二所列物质进出口情况的监测；
（d）对来自按第3条第1款确定的犯罪的收益和财产的转移情况，以及用于或意图用于此种犯罪的麻醉药品、精神药物和表一和表二所列物质和工具的转移情况的侦查和监测；
（e）转让、隐瞒或掩饰这类收益、财产和工具的方法；
（f）证据的收集；
（g）在自由贸易区和自由港的管制技术；
（h）现代化执法技术。
3.缔约国应相互协助计划和实施旨在交流本条第2款所述各领域专门知识的研究与培训方案，为此目的，还应酌情利用区域和国际会议及研讨会，促进合作和促使讨论共同关心的问题，包括过境国的特殊问题和需要。
Article 9（OTHER FORMS OF CO-OPERATION AND TRAINING）
1. The Parties shall co-operate closely with one another, consistent with their respective domestic legal and administrative systems, with a view to enhancing the effectiveness of law enforcement action to suppress the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1. They shall, in particular, on the basis of bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements：
(a)Establish and maintain channels of communication between their competent agencies and services to facilitate the secure and rapid exchange of information concerning all aspects of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, including, if the Parties concerned deem it appropriate, links with other criminal activities；
(b)Co-operate with one another in conducting enquiries, with respect to offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, having an international character, concerning：
(i)The identity, whereabouts and activities of persons suspected of being involved in offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1；
(ii)The movement of proceeds or property derived from the commission of such offences；
(iii)The movement of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, substances in Table I and Table II of this Convention and instrumentalities used or intended for use in the commission of such offences；
(c)In appropriate cases and if not contrary to domestic law, establish joint teams, taking into account the need to protect the security of persons and of operations, to carry out the provisions of this paragraph. Officials of any Party taking part in such teams shall act as authorized by the appropriate authorities of the Party in whose territory the operation is to take place； in all such cases, the Parties involved shall ensure that the sovereignty of the Party on whose territory the operation is to take place is fully respected；
(d)Provide, when appropriate, necessary quantities of substances for analytical or investigative purposes；
(e)Facilitate effective co-ordination between their competent agencies and services and promote the exchange of personnel and other experts, including the posting of liaison officers.
2. Each Party shall, to the extent necessary, initiate, develop or improve specific training programmes for its law enforcement and other personnel, including customs, charged with the suppression of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1. Such programmes shall deal, in particular, with the following：
(a)Methods used in the detection and suppression of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1；
(b)Routes and techniques used by persons suspected of being involved in offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, particularly in transit States, and appropriate countermeasures；
(c)Monitoring of the import and export of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II；
(d)Detection and monitoring of the movement of proceeds and property derived from, and narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II, and instrumentalities used or intended for use in, the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1；
(e)Methods used for the transfer, concealment or disguise of such proceeds, property and instrumentalities；
(f)Collection of evidence；
(g)Control techniques in free trade zones and free ports；
(h)Modem law enforcement techniques.
3. The Parties shall assist one another to plan, and implement research and training programmes designed to share expertise in the areas referred to in paragraph 2 of this article and, to this end, shall also, when appropriate, use regional and international conferences and seminars to promote co-operation and stimulate discussion on problems of mutual concern, including the special problems and needs of transit States.
第10条（国际合作与援助过境国）
1.缔约国应直接或通过主管国际组织或区域组织进行合作，通过关于拦截和其他有关活动的技术合作方案，尽可能协助和支援过境国，特别是需要这种协助和支援的发展中国家。
2.缔约国可直接或通过主管国际组织或区域组织，承诺向这些过境国提供财政援助，以便充实和加强为有效控制和预防非法贩运所需的基础设施。
3.缔约国可缔结双边或多边协定或安排，增强依本条规定进行的国际合作的有效性，并可考虑这方面的财务安排。
Article 10（INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION AND ASSISTANCE FOR TRANSIT STATES）
1. The Parties shall co-operate, directly or through competent international or regional organizations, to assist and support transit States and, in particular, developing countries in need of such assistance and support, to the extent possible, through programmes of technical co-operation on interdiction and other related activities.
2. The Parties may undertake, directly or through competent international or regional organizations, to provide financial assistance to such transit States for the purpose of augmenting and strengthening the infrastructure needed for effective control and prevention of illicit traffic.
3. The Parties may conclude bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements to enhance the effectiveness of international co-operation pursuant to this article and may take into consideration financial arrangements in this regard.
第11条（控制下交付）
1.在其国内法律制度基本原则允许的情况下，缔约国应在可能的范围内采取必要措施，根据相互达成的协定或安排，在国际一级适当使用控制下交付，以便查明涉及按第3条第1款确定的犯罪的人，并对之采取法律行动。
2.使用控制下交付的决定应在逐案基础上作出，并可在必要时考虑财务安排和关于由有关缔约国行使管辖权的谅解。
3.在有关缔约国同意下，可以拦截已同意对之实行控制下交付的非法交运货物，并允许将麻醉药品或精神药物原封不动地继续运送或在将其完全或部分取出或替代后继续运送。
Article 11（CONTROLLED DELIVERY）
1. If permitted by the basic principles of their respective domestic legal systems, the Parties shall take the necessary measures, within their possibilities, to allow for the appropriate use of controlled delivery at the international level, on the basis of agreements or arrangements mutually consented to, with a view to identifying persons involved in offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1, and to taking legal action against them.
2. Decisions to use controlled delivery shall be made on a case-by-case basis and may, when necessary, take into consideration financial arrangements and understandings with respect to the exercise of jurisdiction by the Parties concerned.
3. Illicit consignments whose controlled delivery is agreed to may, with the consent of the Parties concerned, be intercepted and allowed to continue with the narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances intact or removed or replaced in whole or in part.
第12条（经常用于非法制造麻醉药品或精神药物的物质）
1.缔约国应采取其认为适当的措施，防止表一和表二所列物质被挪用于非法制造麻醉药品或精神药物，并应为此目的相互合作。
2.如某一缔约国或麻管局根据其掌握的情报认为需要将某一物质列入表一或表二，则该缔约国或麻管局应通知秘书长，同时附上该通知所依据的情报。如某一缔约国或麻管局拥有情报证明应将某一物质从表一或表二中删除，或从一个表转到另一个表，则本条第2至第7款所述程式亦应适用。
3.秘书长应将此项通知连同其认为有关的任何情报转送各缔约国和麻委会，如此项通知系由一缔约国发出，则应同时转送麻管局。各缔约国应将其对该通知的意见以及可能有助于麻管局作出评价和有助于麻委会作出决定的所有补充情报送交秘书长。
4.如果麻管局在考虑了该物质合法使用的范围、重要性和多样性，以及利用其他替代物质供合法用途和非法制造麻醉药品或精神药物之用的可能性与难易程度之后，认为：
（a）该物质经常用于非法制造某一麻醉药品或精神药物；
（b）非法制造某一麻醉药品或精神药物的数量和范围造成了严重的公众健康问题或社会问题，因而需要采取国际行动，则麻管局应告知麻委会它对该物质的评价，包括把该物质列入表一或表二后对合法使用及非法制造所可能造成的影响，以及根据这一评价所建议的任何适当监测措施。
5.麻管局在科学问题上的评价应是决定性的。麻委会在考虑了各缔约国提交的意见以及麻管局提出的意见和建议并适当考虑任何其他有关因素之后，可由其成员的三分之二多数作出决定，将某一物质列入表一或表二。
6.麻委会按照本条作出的任何决定，应由秘书长通知所有国家和已成为或有资格成为本公约缔约方的其他实体以及麻管局。这一决定自通知之日起一百八十天后即对各缔约国完全生效。
7.（a）对麻委会根据本条作出的决定，在发出关于该决定的通知之日起一百八十天内，如有任一缔约国提出请求，理事会便应对该决定进行审查。要求审查的请求应连同该项请求所根据的全部有关情报一并送交秘书长。
（b）秘书长应将要求审查的请求及有关情报的副本转送麻委会、麻管局及所有缔约国，请其于九十天之内提出意见。所有收到的意见均应提交理事会审议。
（c）理事会可确认或撤销麻委会的决定。有关理事会决定的通知应转送所有国家和已成为或有资格成为本公约缔约方的其他实体、麻委会和麻管局。
8.（a）只要不影响本条第1款所载规定以及《1961年公约》、经修正的《1961年公约》和《1971年公约》各项规定的普遍性，缔约国应采取其认为适当的措施，监测在其领土内进行的制造和分销表一和表二所列物质的活动。
（b）为此目的，缔约国可：
（一）控制所有从事制造和分销此种物质的个人和企业；
（二）以执照控制可进行这种制造或分销的单位和场所；
（三）要求执照持有者取得从事上述业务的许可；
（四）防止制造者和分销者囤积的此种物质超出正常业务和市场基本状况所需的数量。
9.各缔约国应就表一和表二所列物质采取下列措施：
（a）建立并实施监测表一和表二所列物质的国际贸易的制度，以便查明可疑交易。这类监测制度应同制造商、进口商、出口商、批发商和零售商密切合作予以实施，他们应向主管当局报告可疑订货和交易；
（b）规定扣押有充分证据证明被用于非法制造某一麻醉药品或精神药物的表一或表二所列的任何物质；
（c）如有理由怀疑进出口或过境的表一或表二所列某一物质将被用于非法制造麻醉药品和精神药物，则应尽快通知有关缔约国的主管当局和部门，其中应特别包括关于支付手段和引起怀疑的任何其他主要因素的情报；
（d）要求进出口货物应贴上适当标签，并附有必要的单据。在发票、载货清单、海关、运输及其他货运单证等商业文件中应按表一或表二所定的名称写明进口或出口的物质的名称、进口或出口的数量，以及进口商、出口商和所掌握的收货人的姓名和地址；
（e）确保本款（d）项所述的单证至少保存两年，并可提供主管当局检查。
10.（a）除本条第9款的规定之外，根据有利害关系的缔约国向秘书长提出的请求，有表一所列物质将从其领土输出的各缔约国，应确保在输出前由其主管当局向进口国的主管当局提供下列情报：
（一）出口商、进口商和所掌握的收货人的姓名和地址；
（二）表一所列物质的名称；
（三）该物质将要出口的数量；
（四）预期的入境口岸和预期的发运日期；
（五）缔约国相互议定的任何其他情报。
（b）如缔约国认为可取或必要，可制订比本款规定更为严格或严厉的控制措施。
11.如某一缔约国按本条第9和第10款规定向另一缔约国提供情报，则提供此情报的缔约国可要求接受该情报的缔约国对任何贸易、业务、商业或专业机密或贸易过程保密。
12.各缔约国应按麻管局所规定的形式和方法，并用其所提供的表格，每年向麻管局提供如下情报：
（a）表一和表二所列物质的缉获量，以及所知悉的来源；
（b）任何未列入表一或表二但查明已用于非法制造麻醉药品或精神药物且缔约国认为其严重性足以提请麻管局注意的物质；
（c）挪用和非法制造的方法。
13.麻管局应每年向麻委会报告本条的执行情况，麻委会应定期审查表一和表二是否充分和适当。
14.本条规定不适用于药用制剂，也不适用于含有表一或表二所列物质但其复方混合方式使此种物质不能以方便的手段容易地加以使用或回收的其他制剂。
Article 12（SUBSTANCES FREQUENTLY USED IN THE ILLICIT MANUFACTURE OF NARCOTIC DRUGS OR PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES）
1. The Parties shall take the measures they deem appropriate to prevent diversion of substances in Table I and Table II used for the purpose of illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, and shall co-operate with one another to this end.
2. If a Party or the Board has information which in its opinion may require the inclusion of a substance in Table I or Table II, it shall notify the Secretary-General and furnish him with the information in support of that notification. The procedure described in paragraphs 2 to 7 of this article shall also apply when a Party or the Board has information justifying the deletion of a substance from Table I or Table II, or the transfer of a substance from one Table to the other.
3. The Secretary-General shall transmit such notification, and any information which he considers relevant, to the Parties, to the Commission, and, where notification is made by a Party, to the Board. The Parties shall communicate their comments concerning the notification to the Secretary-General, together with all supplementary information which may assist the Board in establishing an assessment and the Commission in reaching a decision.
4. If the Board, taking into account the extent, importance and diversity of the licit use of the substance, and the possibility and ease of using alternate substances both for licit purposes and for the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, finds：
(a)That the substance is frequently used in the illicit manufacture of a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance；
(b)That the volume and extent of the illicit manufacture of a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance creates serious public health or social problems, so as to warrant international action,it shall communicate to the Commission an assessment of the substance, including the likely effect of adding the substance to either Table I or Table II on both licit use and illicit manufacture, together with recommendations of monitoring measures, if any, that would be appropriate in the light of its assessment.
5. The Commission, taking into account the comments submitted by the Parties and the comments and recommendations of the Board, whose assessment shall be determinative as to scientific matters, and also taking into due consideration any other relevant factors, may decide by a two-thirds majority of its members to place a substance in Table I or Table II.
6. Any decision of the Commission taken pursuant to this article shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all States and other entities which are, or which are entitled to become, Parties to this Convention, and to the Board. Such decision shall become fully effective with respect to each Party one hundred and eighty days after the date of such communication.
7. (a)The decisions of the Commission taken under this article shall be subject to review by the Council upon the request of any Party filed within one hundred and eighty days after the date of notification of the decision. The request for review shall be sent to the Secretary-General, together with all relevant information upon which the request for review is based.
(b)The Secretary-General shall transmit copies of the request for review and the relevant information to the Commission, to the Board and to all the Parties, inviting them to submit their comments within ninety days. All comments received shall be submitted to the Council for consideration.
(c)The Council may confirm or reverse the decision of the Commission. Notification of the Council’s decision shall be transmitted to all States and other entities which are, or which are entitled to become, Parties to this Convention, to the Commission and to the Board.
8.(a)Without prejudice to the generality of the provisions contained in paragraph 1 of this article and the provisions of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention, the Parties shall take the measures they deem appropriate to monitor the manufacture and distribution of substances in Table I and Table Il which are carried out within their territory.
(b)To this end, the Parties may：
(i)Control all persons and enterprises engaged in the manufacture and distribution of such substances；
(ii)Control under licence the establishment and premises in which such manufacture or distribution may take place；
(ii)Require that licensees obtain a permit for conducting the aforesaid operations；
(iv))Prevent the accumulation of such substances in the possession of manufacturers and distributors, in excess of the quantities required for the normal conduct of business and the prevailing market conditions.
9. Each Party shall, with respect to substances in Table I and Table II, take the following measures：
(a)Establish and maintain a system to monitor international trade in substances in Table I and Table II in order to facilitate the identification of suspicious transactions. Such monitoring systems shall be applied in close co-operation with manufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers and retailers, who shall inform the competent authorities of suspicious orders and transactions.
(b)Provide for the seizure of any substance in Table I or Table II if there is sufficient evidence that it is for use in the illicit manufacture of a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance.
(c)Notify, as soon as possible, the competent authorities and services of the Parties concerned if there is reason to believe that the import, export or transit of a substance in Table I or Table II is destined for the illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, including in particular information about the means of payment and any other essential elements which led to that belief.
(d)Require that imports and exports be properly labelled and documented. Commercial documents such as invoices, cargo manifests, customs, transport and other shipping documents shall include the names, as stated in Table I or Table II, of the substances being imported or exported, the quantity being imported or exported, and the name and address of the exporter, the importer and, when available, the consignee.
(e)Ensure that documents referred to in subparagraph d)of this paragraph are maintained for a period of not less than two years and may be made available for inspection by the competent authorities.
10. a)In addition to the provisions of paragraph 9, and upon request to the Secretary-General by the interested Party, each Party from whose territory a substance in Table I is to be exported shall ensure that, prior to such export, the following information is supplied by its competent authorities to the competent authorities of the importing country：
(i)Name and address of the exporter and importer and, when available, the consignee；
(ii)Name of the substance in Table I；
(iii)Quantity of the substance to be exported；
(iv))Expected point of entry and expected date of dispatch；
(v)Any other information which is mutually agreed upon by the Parties.
(b)A Party may adopt more strict or severe measures of control than those provided by this paragraph if, in its opinion, such measures are desirable or necessary.
11. Where a Party furnishes information to another Party in accordance with paragraphs 9 and 10 of this article, the Party furnishing such information may require that the Party receiving it keep confidential any trade, business, commercial or professional secret or trade process.
12. Each Party shall furnish annually to the Board, in the form and manner provided for by it and on forms made available by it, information on：
(a)The amounts seized of substances in Table I and Table II and, when known, their origin；
(b)Any substance not included in Table I or Table II which is identified as having been used in illicit manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, and which is deemed by the Party to be sufficiently significant to be brought to the attention of the Board；
(c)Methods of diversion and illicit manufacture.
13. The Board shall report annually to the Commission on the implementation of this article and the Commission shall periodically review the adequacy and propriety of Table I and Table II. 13
14. The provisions of this article shall not apply to pharmaceutical preparations, nor to other preparations containing substances in Table I or Table II that are compounded in such a way that such substances cannot be easily used or recovered by readily applicable means.
第13条（材料和设备）
缔约国应采取其认为适当的措施，防止为非法生产或制造麻醉药品和精神药物而买卖和挪用材料和设备，并应为此目的进行合作。
Article 13（MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT）
The Parties shall take such measures as they deem appropriate to prevent trade in and the diversion of materials and equipment for illicit production or manufacture of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances and shall co-operate to this end.
第14条（根除非法种植含麻醉品成分植物和消除对麻醉药品与精神药物非法需求的措施）
1.缔约国遵照本公约采取的任何措施，其严厉程度应不低于《1961年公约》、经修正的《1961年公约》和《1971年公约》中适用于根除非法种植含有麻醉药品或精神药物成分的植物以及消除对麻醉药品和精神药物的非法需求的规定。
2.各缔约国应采取适当措施防止非法种植并根除在其领土上非法种植的含有麻醉药品或精神药物成分的植物，诸如罂粟、古柯和大麻植物。所采取的措施应尊重基本人权，并应适当考虑到有历史证明的传统性正当用途以及对环境的保护。
3.（a）缔约国可相互合作，以增强根除活动的有效性。这种合作除其他形式外，可酌情包括支援农村综合发展，以便采用经济上可行的办法取代非法种植。在实施这种农村发展方案前，应考虑到诸如进入市场、资源供应和现有的社会经济条件等因素。缔约国可商定任何其他适当的合作措施。
（b）缔约国还应便利科技情报的交流并进行有关根除活动的研究。
（c）凡有共同边界的缔约国，应设法相互合作，在各自沿边界地区实施根除方案。
4.缔约国应采取适当措施，消除或减少对麻醉药品和精神药物的非法需求，以减轻个人痛苦并消除非法贩运的经济刺激因素。除其他外，这些措施可参照联合国、世界卫生组织等联合国专门机构及其他主管国际组织的建议，以及1987年麻醉品滥用和非法贩运问题国际会议通过的《综合性多学科纲要》，该纲要涉及政府和非政府机构及个人在预防、治疗和康复领域应作出的努力。缔约国可达成旨在消除或减少对麻醉药品和精神药物的非法需求的双边或多边协定或安排。
5.缔约国也可采取必要措施，及早销毁或依法处理已经扣押或没收的麻醉药品、精神药物和表一与表二所列的物质，以及接受经适当证明的必要数量的这类物质作出证据。
Article 14（MEASURES TO ERADICATE ILLICIT CULTIVATION OF NARCOTIC PLANTS AND TO ELIMINATE ILLICIT DEMAND FOR NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES.）
1. Any measures taken pursuant to this Convention by Parties shall not be less stringent than the provisions applicable to the eradication of illicit cultivation of plants containing narcotic and psychotropic substances and to the elimination of illicit demand for narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances under the provisions of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention.
2. Each Party shall take appropriate measures to prevent illicit cultivation of and to eradicate plants containing narcotic or psychotropic substances, such as opium poppy, coca bush and cannabis plants, cultivated illicitly in its territory. The measures adopted shall respect fundamental human rights and shall take due account of traditional licit uses, where there is historic evidence of such use, as well as the protection of the environment.
3. (a)The Parties may co-operate to increase the effectiveness of eradication efforts. Such co-operation may, inter alia, include support, when appropriate, for integrated rural development leading to economically viable alternatives to illicit cultivation. Factors such as access to markets, the availability of resources and prevailing socio-economic conditions should be taken into account before such rural development programmes are implemented. The Parties may agree on any other appropriate measures of co-operation.
(b)The Parties shall also facilitate the exchange of scientific and technical information and the conduct of research concerning eradication.
(c)Whenever they have common frontiers, the Parties shall seek to co-operate in eradication programmes in their respective areas along those frontiers.
4. The Parties shall adopt appropriate measures aimed at eliminating or reducing illicit demand for narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, with a view to reducing human suffering and eliminating financial incentives for illicit traffic. These measures may be based, inter alia, on the recommendations of the United Nations, specialized agencies of the United Nations such as the World Health Organization, and other competent international organizations, and on the Comprehensive Multidisciplinary Outline adopted by the International Conference on Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, held in 1987, as it pertains to governmental and non-governmental agencies and private efforts in the fields of prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. The Parties may enter into bilateral or multilateral agreements or arrangements aimed at eliminating or reducing illicit demand for narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.
5. The Parties may also take necessary measures for early destruction or lawful disposal of the narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II which have been seized or confiscated and for the admissibility as evidence of duly certified necessary quantities of such substances.
第15条（商业承运人）
1.缔约国应采取适当措施以确保商业承运人经营的运输工具不被用于按第3条第1款确定的犯罪；这类措施可包括与商业承运人的特别安排。
2.各缔约国应要求商业承运人采取合理预防措施，防止其运输工具被用于按第3条第1款确定的犯罪。这类预防措施可包括：
（a）如果商业承运人的主要营业地设在该缔约国领土内：
（一）训练人员识别可疑的货运或可疑的人；
（二）提高工作人员的品德；
（b）如果商业承运人在该缔约国领土内经营业务：
（一）尽可能事先提供载货清单；
（二）在集装箱上使用可逐一查验并可防作弊的封志；
（三）尽早将可能涉及按第3条第1款确定的犯罪的一切可疑情况报告有关当局。
3.各缔约国应力求确保商业承运人与出入境口岸及其他海关管制区的有关当局合作，防止擅自接触运输工具和货物，并执行适当的安全措施。
Article 15（COMMERCIAL CARRIERS）
1. The Parties shall take appropriate measures to ensure that means of transport operated by commercial carriers are not used in the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1； such measures may include special arrangements with commercial carriers.
2. Each Party shall require commercial carriers to take reasonable precautions to prevent the use of their means of transport for the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1. Such precautions may include：
(a)If the principal place of business of a commercial carrier is within the territory of the Party：
(i)Training of personnel to identify suspicious consignments or persons；
(ii)Promotion of integrity of personnel；
(b)If a commercial carrier is operating within the territory of the Party：
(i)Submission of cargo manifests in advance, whenever possible；
(ii)Use of tamper-resistant, individually verifiable seals on containers；
(iii)Reporting to the appropriate authorities at the earliest opportunity all suspicious circumstances that may be related to the commission of offences established in accordance with article 3, paragraph 1.
3. Each Party shall seek to ensure that commercial carriers and the appropriate authorities at points of entry and exit and other customs control areas co-operate, with a view to preventing unauthorized access to means of transport and cargo and to implementing appropriate security measures.
第16条（商业单证和出口货物标签）
1.各缔约国应要求合法出口的麻醉药品和精神药物单证齐全。除了遵循《1961年公约》第31条和经修正的《1961年公约》第31条及《1971年公约》第12条关于提供单证的规定外，应在发票、载货清单、海关、运输及其他货运单证等商业文件上按《1961年公约》、经修正的《1961年公约》和《1971年公约》附表所定的名称写明出口的麻醉药品和精神药物的名称、出口数量，以及出口商、进口商和所掌握的收货人的姓名和地址。
2.各缔约国应要求，出口的麻醉药品和精神药物货物所贴标签准确无误。
Article 16（COMMERCIAL DOCUMENTS AND LABELLING OF EXPORTS）
1. Each Party shall require that lawful exports of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances be properly documented. In addition to the requirements for documentation under article 31 of the 1961 Convention, article 31 of the 1961 Convention as amended and article 12 of the 1971 Convention, commercial documents such as invoices, cargo manifests, customs, transport and other shipping documents shall include the names of the narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances being exported as set out in the respective Schedules of the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention, the quantity being exported, and the name and address of the exporter, the importer and, when available, the consignee.
2. Each Party shall require that consignments of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances being exported be not mislabelled.
第17条（海上非法贩运）
1.缔约国应尽可能充分合作，依照国际海洋法制止海上非法贩运。
2.缔约国如有正当理由怀疑悬挂其国旗或未挂旗或未示注册标志的船只在进行非法贩运，可请求其他缔约国协助，以制止将该船用于此种目的。被请求的缔约国应尽其所能提供此种协助。
3.缔约国如有正当理由怀疑悬挂另一缔约国国旗或显示该国注册标志的船只虽按国际法行使航行自由但却在从事非法贩运，可将此事通知船旗国，请其确认注册情况，并可在注册情况获得确认后，请船旗国援助对该船采取适当措施。
4.按照本条第3款，或按照请求国和船旗国之间有效的条约，或按照其相互达成的任何其他协议或安排，除其他事项外，船旗国还可授权请求国：
（a）登船；
（b）搜查船只；
（c）如查获涉及非法贩运的证据，对该船只、船上人员和货物采取适当行动。
5.如依本条采取行动，有关缔约国应适当注意不得危害海上生命安全，该船只和货物的安全，也不得损害该船旗国或任何其他有关国家的商业和法律利益。
6.只要符合本条第1款所规定的义务，船旗国可使其授权服从它与请求国之间相互议定的条件，包括关于责任的条件。
7.为本条第3和第4款的目的，缔约国应以迅捷的方式答复另一缔约国要求确定悬挂其国旗的船只是否有此权利的请求，并答复根据第3款规定提出的授权请求。各缔约国在成为本公约缔约国时，应指定一个机构，或必要时指定若干机构接受并答复这类请求。这类指定应在指定后一个月内通过秘书长通知其他所有缔约国。
8.已按照本条采取了任何行动的缔约国，应将行动的结果迅速通知有关船旗国。
9.缔约国应考虑达成双边和区域协定或安排，以执行本条各项规定或增强其有效性。
10.根据本条第4款采取的行动只能由军舰或军用飞机、或具有执行公务的明显可识别标记并获得有关授权的船舶或飞机进行。
11.根据本条采取任何行动均应适当注意有必要不干预或影响沿海国依国际海洋法具有的权利和义务及其管辖权的行使。
Article 17（ILLICIT TRAFFIC BY SEA）
1. The Parties shall co-operate to the fullest extent possible to suppress illicit traffic by sea, in conformity with the international law of the sea.
2. A Party which has reasonable grounds to suspect that a vessel flying its flag or not displaying a flag or marks of registry is engaged in illicit traffic may request the assistance of other Parties in suppressing its use for that purpose. The Parties so requested shall render such assistance within the means available to them.
3. A Party which has reasonable grounds to suspect that a vessel exercising freedom of navigation in accordance with international law, and flying the flag or displaying marks of registry of another Party is engaged in illicit traffic may so notify the flag State, request confirmation of registry and, if confirmed, request authorization from the flag State to take appropriate measures in regard to that vessel.
4. In accordance with paragraph 3 or in accordance with treaties in force between them or in accordance with any agreement or arrangement otherwise reached between those Parties, the flag State may authorize the requesting State to, inter aria：
(a)Board the vessel；
(b)Search the vessel；
(c)If evidence of involvement in illicit traffic is found, take appropriate action with respect to the vessel, persons and cargo on board.
5. Where action is taken pursuant to this article, the Parties concerned shall take due account of the need not to endanger the safety of life at sea, the security of the vessel and the cargo or to prejudice the commercial and legal interests of the flag State or any other interested State.
6. The flag State may, consistent with its obligations in paragraph 1 of this article, subject its authorization to conditions to be mutually agreed between it and the requesting Party, including conditions relating to responsibility.
7. For the purposes of paragraphs 3 and 4 of this article, a Party shall respond expeditiously to a request from another Party to determine whether a vessel that is flying its flag is entitled to do so, and to requests for authorization made pursuant to paragraph 3. At the time of becoming a Party to this Convention, each Party shall designate an authority or, when necessary, authorities to receive and respond to such requests. Such designation shall be notified through the Secretary-General to all other Parties within one month of the designation.
8. A Party which has taken any action in accordance with this article shall promptly inform the flag State concerned of the results of that action.
9. The Parties shall consider entering into bilateral or regional agreements or arrangements to carry out, or to enhance the effectiveness of, the provisions of this article.
10. Action pursuant to paragraph 4 of this article shall be carried out only by warships or military aircraft, or other ships or aircraft clearly marked and identifiable as being on government service and authorized to that effect.
11. Any action taken in accordance with this article shall take due account of the need not to interfere with or affect the rights and obligations and the exercise of jurisdiction of coastal States in accordance with the international law of the sea.
第18条（自由贸易区和自由港）
1.缔约国应采取措施，制止在自由贸易区和自由港非法贩运麻醉药品、精神药物及表一和表二所列物质的活动，这些措施的严厉程度不应低于在其领土其他部分采取的措施。
2.缔约国应努力：
（a）监测货物及人员在自由贸易区和自由港的流动情况，并应为此目的，授权主管当局搜查货物和进出船只，包括游艇和渔船以及飞机和车辆，适当时还可搜查乘务人员、旅客及其行李；
（b）建立并实施一套侦测系统以侦测进出自由贸易区和自由港的涉嫌含有麻醉药品、精神药物及表一和表二所列物质的货运；
（c）在自由贸易区和自由港的港口和码头区以及机场和边境检查站设立并实施监视系统。
Article 18（FREE TRADE ZONES AND FREE PORTS）
1. The Parties shall apply measures to suppress illicit traffic in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II in free trade zones and in free ports that are no less stringent than those applied in other parts of their territories.
2. The Parties shall endeavour：
(a)To monitor the movement of goods and persons in free trade zones and free ports, and, to that end, shall empower the competent authorities to search cargoes and incoming and outgoing vessels, including pleasure craft and fishing vessels, as well as aircraft and vehicles and, when appropriate, to search crew members, passengers and their baggage；
(b)To establish and maintain a system to detect consignments suspected of containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II passing into or out of free trade zones and free ports；
(c)To establish and maintain surveillance systems in harbour and dock areas and at airports and border control points in free trade zones and free ports.
第19条（邮件的利用）
1.缔约国应按照其依万国邮政联盟各项公约所承担的义务，并按照其本国法律制度的基本原则，采取措施制止利用邮件进行非法贩运，并应为此目的相互合作。
2.本条第1款所述措施应特别包括：
（a）采取协调行动以预防和取缔利用邮件进行非法贩运；
（b）由经授权的执法人员采用并实施旨在侦测邮件中非法付运的麻醉药品、精神药物及表一和表二所列物质的调查和控制技术；
（c）采取立法措施，以便能够使用适当手段获得司法程式所需的证据。
Article 19（THE USE OF THE MAILS）
1. In conformity with their obligations under the Conventions of the Universal Postal Union, and in accordance with the basic principles of their domestic legal systems, the Parties shall adopt measures to suppress the use of the mails for illicit traffic and shall co-operate with one another to that end.
2. The measures referred to in paragraph 1 of this article shall include, in particular：
(a)Co-ordinated action for the prevention and repression of the use of the mails for illicit traffic；
(b)Introduction and maintenance by authorized law enforcement personnel of investigative and control techniques designed to detect illicit consignments of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and substances in Table I and Table II in the mails；
(c)Legislative measures to enable the use of appropriate means to secure evidence required for judicial proceedings.
第20条（应由缔约国提供的情报）
1.缔约国应通过秘书长向麻委会提供关于在其领土内执行本公约的情报，特别是：
（a）为实施本公约而颁布的法律和法规的文本；
（b）在其管辖范围内发生的非法贩运案件中缔约国认为因其涉及所发现的新趋势、所涉及的数量、获得有关物质的来源或从事非法贩运的人使用的手段而具有重要性的案件的详情。
2.缔约国应依照麻委会可能要求的方式和日期提供此种情报。
Article 20（INFORMATION TO BE FURNISHED BY THE PARTIES）
1. The Parties shall furnish, through the Secretary-General, information to the Commission on the working of this Convention in their territories and, in particular：
(a)The text of laws and regulations promulgated in order to give effect to the Convention；
(b)Particulars of cases of illicit traffic within their jurisdiction which they consider important because of new trends disclosed, the quantities involved, the sources from which the substances are obtained, or the methods employed by persons so engaged.
2. The Parties shall furnish such information in such a manner and by such dates as the Commission may request.
第21条（麻委会的职能）
麻委会有权审议关系到本公约目标的所有事项，特别是：
（a）麻委会应根据缔约国按第20条规定提交的情报，审查本公约的实施情况；
（b）麻委会可在审查各缔约国提供的情报的基础上，提出具体提议和一般性建议；
（c）麻委会可提请麻管局注意到可能与该局的职能有关的任何事项；
（d）麻委会应对麻管局依照第22条第1款（b）项规定提交其处理的任何事项，采取它认为适当的行动；
（e）麻委会可依照第12条规定的程式修改表一和表二；
（f）麻委会可提请非缔约国注意到它根据本公约通过的决定和建议，以期由它们考虑按照这些决定和建议采取行动。
Article 21（FUNCTIONS OF THE COMMISSION）
The Commission is authorized to consider all matters pertaining to the aims of this Convention and, in particular.
(a)The Commission shall, on the basis of the information submitted by the Parties in accordance with article 20, review the operation of this Convention；
(b)The Commission may make suggestions and general recommendations based on the examination of the information received from the Parties；
(c)The Commission may call the attention of the Board to any matters which may be relevant to the functions of the Board；
(d)The Commission shall, on any matter referred to it by the Board under article 22, paragraph 1 b), take such action as it deems appropriate；
(e)The Commission may, in conformity with the procedures laid down in article 12, amend Table I and Table II；
(f)The Commission may draw the attention of non-Parties to decisions and recommendations which it adopts under this Convention, with a view to their considering taking action in accordance therewith.
第22条（麻管局的职能）
1.在不影响第21条规定的麻委会的职能，以及不影响《1961年公约》、经修正的《1961年公约》和《1971年公约》规定的麻管局和麻委会的职能的情况下：
（a）如根据其对提交麻管局、秘书长或麻委会的情报以及对联合国各机构转交的情报的分析，麻管局有理由认为，在与其职责有关的问题上，本公约的宗旨未获实现，则麻管局可请某一或某些缔约国提供任何有关的情报；
（b）对于第12条、第13条和第16条：
（一）在按照本款（a）项采取行动后，麻管局如认为确有必要，可吁请有关缔约国酌情采取为执行本公约第12条、第13条和第16条的规定所必要的补救措施；
（二）麻管局在依照下述(三)目采取行动前，应将其根据上述各项与有关缔约国之间的来往函件作为密件处理；
（三）麻管局若发现有关缔约国未采取根据本项规定吁请其采取之补救措施，可提请各缔约国、理事会及麻委会注意此事项。若有关缔约国提出要求，麻管局根据本项发表的任何报告也应载录该缔约国的意见。
2.如麻管局的某次会议将依照本条规定审议某一问题，应邀请与该问题直接有关的任何缔约国派代表出席。
3.凡麻管局依照本条规定所通过的决定系未经一致同意者，则少数方面的意见应予叙明。
4.麻管局依照本条作出的决定应以麻管局全体成员三分之二多数同意通过。
5.麻管局依照本条第1款（a）项履行其职能时，应确保其可能掌握的所有情报的机密性。
6.麻管局依照本条所负的责任不适用于缔约国之间根据本公约规定所订条约或协定的执行。
7.本条之规定不应适用于缔约国之间属第32条规定范围的争端。
Article 22（FUNCTIONS OF THE BOARD）
1. Without prejudice to the functions of the Commission under article 21, and without prejudice to the functions of the Board and the Commission under the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention：
(a)If, on the basis of its examination of information available to it, to the Secretary-General or to the Commission, or of information communicated by United Nations organs, the Board has reason to believe that the aims of this Convention in matters related to its competence are not being met, the Board may invite a Party or Parties to furnish any relevant information；
(b)With respect to articles 12, 13 and 16：
(i)After taking action under subparagraph a)of this article, the Board if satisfied that it is necessary to do so, may call upon the Party concerned to adopt such remedial measures as shall seem under the circumstances to be necessary for the execution of the provisions of articles 12, 13 and 16；
(ii)Prior to taking action under iii)below, the Board shall treat as confidential its communications with the Party concerned under the preceding subparagraphs；
(iii)If the Board finds that the Party concerned has not taken remedial measures which it has been called upon to take under this subparagraph, it may call the attention of the Parties, the Council and the Commission to the matter. Any report published by the Board under this subparagraph shall also contain the views of the Party concerned if the latter so requests.
2. Any Party shall be invited to be represented at a meeting of the Board at which a question of direct interest to it is to be considered under this article.
3. If in any case a decision of the Board which is adopted under this article is not unanimous, the views of the minority shall be stated.
4. Decisions of the Board under this article shall be taken by a two-thirds majority of the whole number of the Board.
5. In carrying out its functions pursuant to subparagraph 1 a)of this article, the Board shall ensure the confidentiality of all information which may come into its possession.
6. The Board’s responsibility under this article shall not apply to the implementation of treaties or agreements entered into between Parties in accordance with the provisions of this Convention.
7. The provisions of this article shall not be applicable to disputes between Parties falling under the provisions of article 32.
第23条（麻管局的报告）
1.麻管局应编写年度工作报告，报告中应载有对其所掌握资料的分析，并酌情载述缔约国提出的或要求它们作出的解释，连同麻管局希望提出的任何看法和建议。麻管局还可提出其认为必要的其他报告。报告应通过麻委会提交理事会，但麻委会可作出其认为合适的评论。
2.麻管局的报告应转送各缔约国，并应随后由秘书长予发表。各缔约国应允许分发此种报告的范围不受限制。
Article 23（REPORTS OF THE BOARD）
1. The Board shall prepare an annual report on its work containing an analysis of the information at its disposal and, in appropriate cases, an account of the explanations, if any, given by or required of Parties, together with any observations and recommendations which the Board desires to make. The Board may make such additional reports as it considers necessary. The reports shall be submitted to the Council through the Commission which may make such comments as it sees fit.
2. The reports of the Board shall be communicated to the Parties and subsequently published by the Secretary-General. The Parties shall permit their unrestricted distribution.
第24条（执行较本公约规定更为严格的措施）
缔约国可采取较本公约规定更为严格或严厉的措施，如果它认为这种措施对防止或制止非法贩运是可取的或必要的。
Article 24（APPLICATION OF STRICTER MEASURES THAN THOSE REQUIRED BY THIS CONVENTION）
A Party may adopt more strict or severe measures than those provided by this Convention if, in its opinion, such measures are desirable or necessary for the prevention or suppression of illicit traffic.
第25条（不减损先前的条约权利和义务）
本公约各项规定概不减损本公约缔约国依《1961年公约》、经修正的《1961年公约》和《1971年公约》享有的任何权利或承担的任何义务。
Article 25（NON-DEROGATION FROM EARLIER TREATY RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS）
The provisions of this Convention shall not derogate from any rights enjoyed or obligations undertaken by Parties to this Convention under the 1961 Convention, the 1961 Convention as amended and the 1971 Convention.
第26条（签字）
本公约应于1988年12月20日至1989年2月28日在联合国维也纳办事处，随后直至1989年12月20日在纽约联合国总部向下列各方开放供签字：
（a）所有国家；
（b）纳米比亚，由联合国纳米比亚理事会代表；
（c）在本公约所涉事项中有职权进行谈判、缔结和执行国际协定的区域经济一体化组织。本公约中凡提到缔约国、国家或国家部门之处，亦适用于这些组织，但以其职权范围为限。
Article 26（SIGNATURE）
This Convention shall be open for signature at the United Nations Office at Vienna, from 20 December 1988 to 28 February 1989, and thereafter at the Headquarters of the United Nations at New York, until 20 December 1989, by：
(a)All States；
(b)Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia；
(c)Regional economic integration organizations which have competence in respect of the negotiation, conclusion and application of international agreements in matters covered by this Convention, references under the Convention to Parties, States or national services being applicable to these organizations within the limits of their competence.
第27条（批准、接受、核准或正式确认）
1.本公约须经各国和由联合国纳米比亚理事会代表的纳米比亚批准、接受或核准并须经第26条（c）项所述的区域经济一体化组织正式确认。批准书、接受书或核准书和有关正式确认行为的文书应交联合国秘书长保存。
2.区域经济一体化组织在其正式确认书中应宣布它们对于本公约所涉事项的职权范围。这些组织还应将其对于本公约所涉事项的职权范围的任何更改通知秘书长。
Article 27（RATIFICATION, ACCEPTANCE, APPROVAL OR ACT OF FORMAL CONFIRMATION）
1. This Convention is subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by States and by Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia, and to acts of formal confirmation by regional economic integration organizations referred to in article 26, subparagraph c). The instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval and those relating to acts of formal confirmation shall be deposited with the Secretary-General.
2. In their instruments of formal confirmation, regional economic integration organizations shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by this Convention. These organizations shall also inform the Secretary-General of any modification in the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by the Convention.
第28条（加入）
1.本公约应一直开放供任何国家、由联合国纳米比亚理事会代表的纳米比亚以及第26条（c）项所指的区域经济一体化组织加入。加入应在加入书交存于联合国秘书长后生效。
2.各区域经济一体化组织在其加入书中应宣布它们对于本公约所涉事项的职权范围。这些组织还应将其对于本公约所涉事项的职权范围的任何更改通知秘书长。
Article 28（ACCESSION）
1. This Convention shall remain open for accession by any State, by Namibia, represented by the United Nations Council for Namibia, and by regional economic integration organizations referred to in article 26, subparagraph c). Accession shall be effected by the deposit of an instrument of accession with the Secretary-General.
2. In their instruments of accession, regional economic integration organizations shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by this Convention. These organizations shall also inform the Secretary-General of any modification in the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by the Convention.
第29条（生效）
1.本公约应自第二十份由国家或由联合国纳米比亚理事会代表的纳米比亚提出的批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书交存于联合国秘书长后第九十天起生效。
2.对于在第二十份批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书交存后批准、接受、核准或加入公约的每一国家或由纳米比亚理事会代表的纳米比亚，本公约应自其批准书、接受书、核准书或加入书交存之后第九十天起生效。
3.对于交存正式确认书或加入书的第26条（c）项所指每一区域经济一体化组织，本公约应自交存后第九十天起生效，或自本公约依据本条第1款生效之日起生效，这两个日期以较后的一个为准。
Article 29（ENTRY INTO FORCE）
1. This Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of the deposit with the Secretary-General of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession by States or by Namibia, represented by the Council for Namibia.
2. For each State or for Namibia, represented by the Council for Namibia, ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to this Convention after the deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, the Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of the deposit of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
3. For each regional economic integration organization referred to in article 26, subparagraph c)depositing an instrument relating to an act of formal confirmation or an instrument of accession, this Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after such deposit, or at the date the Convention enters into force pursuant to paragraph l of this article, whichever is later.
第30条（退约）
1.任一缔约国可随时向秘书长发出书面通知，宣告退出本公约。
2.此种退约应自秘书长接获通知之日起一年后对该有关缔约国生效。
Article 30（DENUNCIATION）
1. A Party may denounce this Convention at any time by a written notification addressed to the Secretary-General.
2. Such denunciation shall take effect for the Party concerned one year after the date of receipt of the notification by the Secretary-General.
第31条（修正）
1.任何缔约国均可对本公约提出修正案。此项修正案及修正之理由应由该缔约国送交秘书长转致其他缔约国并询问是否接受所提修正案。如经分发的提议修正案在分发生十八个月后未为任何缔约国所反对，即应认为修正案已被接受并应于某一缔约国将其表示同意受该修正案约束的文书交存于秘书长之后九十天即对该缔约国生效。
2.如所提议的修正案为任何缔约国所反对，秘书长应与各缔约国进行磋商，如有多数缔约国要求，秘书长还应将此事项连同缔约国提出的任何评论提交理事会，由其决定是否根据联合国宪章第62条第4款召开一次会议。此次会议产生的任何修正案应载入一项修正议定书内。如同意受该项议定书约束，应特别向秘书长作此表示。
Article 31（AMENDMENTS）
1. Any Party may propose an amendment to this Convention. The text of any such amendment and the reasons therefor shall be communicated by that Party to the Secretary-General, who shall communicate it to the other Parties and shall ask them whether they accept the proposed amendment. If a proposed amendment so circulated has not been rejected by any Party within twenty-four months after it has been circulated, it shall be deemed to have been accepted and shall enter into force in respect of a Party ninety days after that Party has deposited with the Secretary-General an instrument expressing its consent to be bound by that amendment.
2. If a proposed amendment has been rejected by any Party, the Secretary-General shall consult with the Parties and, if a majority so requests, he shall bring the matter, together with any comments made by the Parties, before the Council which may decide to call a conference in accordance with Article 62, paragraph 4, of the Charter of the United Nations. Any amendment resulting from such a Conference shall be embodied in a Protocol of Amendment. Consent to be bound by such a Protocol shall be required to be expressed specifically to the Secretary-General.
第32条（争端的解决）
1.如有两个或两上以上缔约国对本公约之解释或适用发生争执。这些缔约国应彼此协商，以期通过谈判、调查、调停、和解、仲裁、诉诸区域机构、司法程式或其自行选择的其他和平方式解决争端。
2.任何此种争端如不能以第1款所规定之方式解决者，则应在发生争端的任何一个缔约国提出要求时提交国际法院裁决。
3.如某一第26条（c）项所述的区域经济一体化组织为不能以本条第1款所规定方式解决之争端的当事方，该组织可通过联合国某一会员国请求理事会征求国际法院根据国际法院规约第65条提出谘询意见，此项谘询意见应视为裁决意见。
4.各缔约国在签署或批准、接受或核准本公约或加入本公约时，或各区域经济一体化组织在签署或交存正式确认或加入的一份文书时，可声明其并不认为自己受本条第2及第3款之约束。其他缔约国对于作出了此项声明的任何缔约国，不应受本第2及第3款之约束。
5.根据本条第4款规定作出了声明的任何缔约国，可随时通知秘书长撤销该项声明。
Article 32（SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES）
1. If there should arise between two or more Parties a dispute relating to the interpretation or application of this Convention, the Parties shall consult together with a view to the settlement of the dispute by negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, recourse to regional bodies, judicial process or other peaceful means of their own choice.
2. Any such dispute which cannot be settled in the manner prescribed in paragraph 1 of this article shall be referred, at the request of any one of the States Parties to the dispute, to the International Court of Justice for decision.
3. If a regional economic integration organization referred to in article 26, subparagraph c)is a Party to a dispute which cannot be settled in the manner prescribed in paragraph 1 of this article, it may, through a State Member of the United Nations, request the Council to request an advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice in accordance with Article 65 of the Statute of the Court, which opinion shall be regarded as decisive.
4. Each State, at the time of signature or ratification, acceptance or approval of this Convention or accession thereto, or each regional economic integration organization, at the time of signature or deposit of an act of formal confirmation or accession, may declare that it does not consider itself bound by paragraphs 2 and 3 of this article. The other Parties shall not be bound by paragraphs 2 and 3 with respect to any Party having made such a declaration.
5. Any Party having made a declaration in accordance with paragraph 4 of this article may at any time withdraw the declaration by notification to the Secretary-General.
第33条（作准文本）
本公约之阿拉伯文、中文、英文、法文、俄文和西班牙文文本均同样为作准文本。
Article 33（AUTHENTIC TEXTS）
The Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts of this Convention are equally authentic.
第34条（保存人）
秘书长应为本公约保存人。
兹由下列经正式授权之代表在本公约下签字，以昭信守。
具原件一份，1988年12月20日订于维也纳。
Article 34（DEPOSITARY）
The Secretary-General shall be the depositary of this Convention.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized thereto, have signed this Convention.
DONE AT VIENNA, in one original, this twentieth day of December one thousand nine hundred and eighty-eight.
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