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【名称】


《关于船舶碰撞规定统一公约》

(International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules with Respect to Collisions between Vessels)

【发布日期】1910年9月23日订于布鲁塞尔,1910年9月23日颁布,1931年3月1日实施

【内容】

第1条


  海船与海船或海船与内河航行船舶之间发生碰撞时,对船舶或船上财物或人员遭受的损害应有的赔偿,不论碰撞发生在任何水域,都应按下列规定办理。

Article 1


  Where a collision occurs between sea-going vessels or between sea-going vessels and vessels of inland navigation, the compensation due for damages caused to the vessels, or to any things or persons on board thereof, shall be settled in accordance with the following provisions, in whatever waters the collision takes place.

第2条


  如果碰撞的发生是出于意外,或者出于不可抗力,或者碰撞原因不明,其损害应由遭受者自行承担。
  即使在发生碰撞时,有关的船舶或其中之一是处于锚泊(或以其他方式系泊)状态,本规定亦得适用。

Article 2


  If the collision is accidental, if it is caused by force majeure, or if the cause of the collision is left in doubt, the damages are borne by those who have suffered them.
  This provision is applicable notwithstanding the fact that the vessels, or any one of them, may be at anchor (or otherwise made fast) at the time of the casualty.

第3条


  如果碰撞是由于一艘船舶的过失所引起,损害赔偿的责任便应由该艘过失船舶承担。

Article 3


  If the collision is caused by the fault of one of the vessels, liability to make good the damages attaches to the one which has committed the fault.

第4条


  如果两艘或两艘以上船舶犯有过失,各船应按其所犯过失程度,按比例分担责任。但如考虑到具体情况,不可能确定各船所犯过失的程度,或者看来过失程度相等,其应负的责任便应平均分担。
  船舶或其所载货物,或船员、旅客或船上其他人员的行李或财物所受的损害,应由过失船舶按上述比例承担。即使对于第三者的损害一艘船舶也不承担较此损害比例为多的责任。
  对于人身伤亡所造成的损害,各过失船舶对第三者负连带责任。但这并不影响已经支付较本条第1款规定其最终所应赔偿数额为多的船舶向其他过失船舶取得摊款的权利。
  关于取得摊款的权利问题,各国法律可以自行决定有关限定船舶所有人对船上人员责任的契约或法律规定所应具有的意义和效力。

Article 4


  If two or more vessels are in fault the liability of each vessel is in proportion to the degree of the faults respectively committed. Provided that if having regard to the circumstances, it is not possible to establish the degree of the respective faults, or if it appears that the faults are equal, the liability is apportioned equally.
  The damages caused, either to the vessels or to their cargoes or to the effects or other property of the crews, passengers, or other persons on board, are borne by the vessels in fault in the above proportions, and even to third parties a vessel is not liable for more than such proportion of such damages.
  In respect of damages caused by death or personal injuries, the vessels in fault are jointly as well as severally liable to third parties, without prejudice however to the right of the vessel which has paid a larger part than that which, in accordance which the provisions of the first paragraph of this Article, she ought ultimately to bear, to obtain a contribution from the other vessel or vessels in fault.
  It is left to the law of each country to determine, as regards such right to obtain contribution, the meaning and effect of any contract or provision of law which limits the liability of the owners of a vessel towards persons on board.

第5条


  以上各条规定,适用于由于引航员的过失而发生的碰撞,即使是依法强制引航,亦得适用。

Article 5


  The liability imposed by the preceding Articles attaches in cases where the collision is caused by the fault of a pilot, even when the pilot is carried by compulsion of law.

第6条


  对因碰撞而引起的损害要求赔偿的起诉权,不以提出海事声明或履行其他特殊手续为条件。
  关于在碰撞责任方面的过失问题的一切法律推定,均应废除。

Article 6


  The right of action for the recovery of damages resulting from a collision is not conditional upon the entering of a protest or the fulfilment of any other special formality.
  All legal presumptions of fault in regard to liability for collision are abolished.

第7条


  损害赔偿的起诉权时效两年,自事故发生之日起算。
  为行使第四条第3款所准许的取得摊款的权利而提起的诉讼,须自付款之日起一年内提出。
  上述时效期限得以中止或中断的理由,由审理该案法院所引用的法律决定。
  各缔约国有权以本国立法规定:如在上述时效期限内未能在原告住所或主要营业地所在国家领海内扣留被告船舶,便应延长上述时效期限。

Article 7


  Actions for the recovery of damages are barred after an interval of two years from the date of the casualty.
  The period within which an action must be instituted for enforcing the rights to obtain contribution permitted by paragraph 3 of Article 4, is one year from the date of payment.
  The grounds upon which the said periods of limitation may be suspended or interrupted are determined by the law of the court where the case is tried.
  The High Contracting Parties reserve to themselves the right to provide, by legislation in their respective countries, that the said periods shall be extended in cases where it has not been possible to arrest the defendant vessel in the territorial waters of the State in which the plaintiff has his domicile or principal place of business.

第8条


  碰撞发生后,相碰撞船舶船长在不致对其船舶、船员和旅客造成严重危险的情况下,必须对另船舶及其船员和旅客施救。
  上述船长还必须尽可能将其船名、船籍港、出发港和目的港通知对方船舶。
  上述规定的违反本身并不将责任加于船舶所有人。

Article 8


  After a collision, the master of each of the vessels, in collision is bound, so far as he can do so without serious danger to his vessel, her crew and her passengers, to render assistance to the other vessel, her crew and her passengers.
  He is likewise bound so far as possible to make known to the other vessel the name of his vessel and the port to which she belongs, and also the names of the ports from which she comes and to which she is bound.
  A breach of the above provisions does not of itself impose any liability on the owner of a vessel.

第9条


  各缔约国,如其立法不禁止违反前条规定的行为,须采取或建议其本国立法机关采取必要措施,以便防止违反上述规定的行为发生。
  各缔约国应将为履行上述保证而已在其国内颁布或在日后可能颁布的法律或规章,尽速互相通知。

Article 9


  The High Contracting Parties whose legislation does not forbid infringements of the preceding Article bind themselves to take or to propose to their respective Legislatures the measures necessary for the prevention of such infringements.
  The High Contracting Parties will communicate to one another as soon as possible the laws or regulations which have already been or may be hereafter promulgated in their States for giving effect to the above undertaking.

第10条


  在不影响将来可能缔结的任何公约的情况下,本公约的规定,不以任何方式影响各国现行的有关限制船舶所有人责任的法律,亦不改变因运输合同或任何其他合同产生法律义务。

Article 10


  Without prejudice to any Conventions which may hereafter be made, the provisions of this Convention do not affect in any way the law in force in each country with regard to the limitation of shipowners' liability, not do they alter the legal obligations arising from contracts of carriage or from any other contracts.

第11条


  本公约不适用于军用船舶或专门用于公务的政府船舶。

Article 11


  This Convention does not apply to ships of war or to Government ships appropriated exclusively to a public service.

第12条


  在任何诉讼中的所有当事船舶都属于本公约缔约国所有,以及国内法对此有所规定的任何情况下,本公约的规定适用于全体利害关系人。但是,
  (1)对属于非缔约国的利害关系人,每一缔约国可在互惠条件下适用本公约的规定。
  (2)如果全体利害关系人和受理案件的法院属于同一国家,则应适用国内法,而不适用本公约。

Article 12


  The provisions of this Convention shall be applied as regards all persons interested when all the vessels concerned in any action belong to States of the High Contracting Parties, and in any other cases for which the national laws provide.
  Provided always that 1. As regards persons interested who belong to a non-contracting State, the application of the above provisions may be made by each of the contracting States conditional upon reciprocity.
  2. Where all the persons interested belong to the same State as the court trying the case, the provisions of the national law and not of the Convention are applicable.

第13条


  本公约的规定扩大适用于一船由于进行或不进行某种操作,或由于不遵守规则,而给他船、或任一船上的货物或人员造成的损害的赔偿,即使未曾发生碰撞,也是如此。

Article 13


  This Convention extends to the making good of damages which a vessel has caused to another vessel, or to goods or persons on board either vessel, either by the execution or non-execution of a manoeuvre or by the non-observance of the regulations, even if no collision had actually taken place.

第14条


  各缔约国有权在本公约生效三年后,要求召开新的会议,以便对本公约进行可能的修改。特别是尽可能扩大其适用范围。
  行使上述权利的国家,应当通过比利时政府将其意图通知其他各国,比利时政府则当进行筹备,在六个月内召开此种会议。

Article 14


  Any one of the High Contracting Parties shall have the right, three years after this Convention comes into force, to call for a fresh conference with a view to possible amendments therein, and particularly with a view to extend, if possible, the sphere of its application.
  Any Power exercising this right must notify its intention to the other Powers, through the Belgian Government, which will make arrangements for convening the conference within six months.

第15条


  未曾签署本公约的国家,可以申请加入本公约。参加本公约,应通过外交途径通知比利时政府,并由比利时政府通知其他缔约国政府。如此参加本公约,应自比利时政府发出通知之日起一个月后生效。

Article 15


  States which have not signed the present Convention are allowed to accede thereto at their request. Such accession shall be notified through the diplomatic channel to the Belgian Government, and by the latter to each of the Governments of the other Contracting Parties; it shall become effective one month after the despatch of such notification by the Belgian Government.

第16条


  本公约需经批准。
  自本公约签字之日起一年内,比利时政府应与已经声明行将批准本公约的其他缔约国政府进行联系,以便决定应否使本公约生效。
  如果决定使本公约生效,便应立即将批准书交存布鲁寨尔。本公约自交存批准书之日起一个月后生效。
  交存记录对于参加布鲁塞尔会议各国开放一年,此后上述各国只能依照第十五条规定参加本公约。

Article 16


  The present Convention shall be ratified.
  After an interval of at most one year from the date on which the Convention is signed, the Belgian Government shall enter into communication with the Governments of the High Contracting Parties which have declared themselves prepared to ratify it, with a view to decide whether it should be put into force.
  The ratifications shall, if so decided, be deposited forthwith at Brussels, and the Convention shall come into force a month after such deposit.
  The Protocol shall remain open another year in favour of the States represented at the Brussels Conference. After this interval they can only accede to it in conformity with the provisions of Article 15.

第17条


  如有缔约国欲退出本公约,应自其通知比利时政府之日起一年后生效,而在其他缔约国之间本公约仍旧有效。

Article 17


  In the case of one or other of the High Contracting Parties denouncing this Convention, such denunciation shall not take effect until a year after the day on which it has been notified to the Belgian Government, and the Convention shall remain in force as between the other Contracting Parties.

附加条款


  虽有第十六条中的规定,兹协议,各缔约国在就限定船舶所有人责任问题达成协议以前,并不承担将本公约第五条关于因强制派遣的引航员的过失而造成碰撞的责任方面的规定,加以实施的义务。
  各缔约国的全权代表已在本公约上签字盖章,以昭信守。
  1910年9月23日订于布鲁塞尔,共一份。
  Additional Article Notwithstanding anything in the provisions of Article 16, it is agreed that it shall not be obligatory to give effect to the provisions of Article 5, establishing liability in cases where a collision is caused by the fault of a pilot carried by compulsion of law, until the High Contracting Parties shall have arrived at an agreement on the subject of the limitation of liability of shipowners.
  IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Plenipotentiaries of the respective High Contracting Parties have signed this Convention and have affixed thereto their seals.
  DONE AT BRUSSELS, in a single copy, September 23, 1910.


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